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21 panel
панель; распределительная доска [щит]; приборная доска; консоль ( крыла) ; клин ( полотнища парашютного купола) ; сигнальное полотнище; комиссия, рабочая группаa.c. power panel — щиток управления электросистемой переменного тока
d.c. power panel — щиток управления электросистемой постоянного тока
emergency flotation gear panel — верт. панель аварийных средств обеспечения плавучести
essential services circuit breaker panel — эл. щиток автоматов защиты важнейших потребителей
first officer's instrument panel — приборная доска [панель] второго лётчика [пилота]
hat section stiffened panel — панель, подкрепленная корытообразным профилем
navigation function selector panel — щиток переключения видов [режимов] работы навигационных средств
navigation mode selector panel — щиток переключения видов [режимов] работы навигационных средств
rack cartridge ground test panel — щиток наземной проверки пиропатронов. подвески
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22 energy
'enə‹iplural - energies; noun1) (the ability to act, or the habit of acting, strongly and vigorously: He has amazing energy for his age; That child has too much energy; I must devote my energies to gardening today.) energía2) (the power, eg of electricity, of doing work: electrical energy; nuclear energy.) energía•- energetically
energy n energíatr['enəʤɪ]1 (gen) energía\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLenergy crisis crisis nombre femenino energética1) vitality: energía f, vitalidad f2) effort: esfuerzo m, energías fpl3) power: energía fatomic energy: energía atómican.• empuje s.m.• energía s.f.• fibra s.f.• fuerza s.f.'enərdʒi, 'enədʒimass noun energía f; (power, effort) energías fpl; (before n)['enǝdʒɪ]energy crisis — crisis f energética
1.electrical/atomic/solar energy — energía f eléctrica/atómica/solar
Secretary (of State) for Energy — Secretario(-a) m / f (de Estado) de Energía
Minister of Energy — Ministro(-a) m / f de Energía
2.CPDenergy bar N — (=food) barrita f energética
energy company N — empresa f de energía
energy conservation N — conservación f de la energía
energy consumption N — consumo m de energía
energy crisis N — crisis f inv energética
energy drink N — bebida f energética
energy efficiency N — eficacia f energética
energy food N — comida f energética or que da energías
energy level N — nivel m energético
energy needs NPL — necesidades fpl energéticas
energy policy N — política f de energía
energy resources NPL — recursos mpl energéticos
energy saving N — ahorro m de energía
* * *['enərdʒi, 'enədʒi]mass noun energía f; (power, effort) energías fpl; (before n)energy crisis — crisis f energética
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23 Edison, Thomas Alva
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Automotive engineering, Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Metallurgy, Photography, film and optics, Public utilities, Recording, Telecommunications[br]b. 11 February 1847 Milan, Ohio, USAd. 18 October 1931 Glenmont[br]American inventor and pioneer electrical developer.[br]He was the son of Samuel Edison, who was in the timber business. His schooling was delayed due to scarlet fever until 1855, when he was 8½ years old, but he was an avid reader. By the age of 14 he had a job as a newsboy on the railway from Port Huron to Detroit, a distance of sixty-three miles (101 km). He worked a fourteen-hour day with a stopover of five hours, which he spent in the Detroit Free Library. He also sold sweets on the train and, later, fruit and vegetables, and was soon making a profit of $20 a week. He then started two stores in Port Huron and used a spare freight car as a laboratory. He added a hand-printing press to produce 400 copies weekly of The Grand Trunk Herald, most of which he compiled and edited himself. He set himself to learn telegraphy from the station agent at Mount Clements, whose son he had saved from being run over by a freight car.At the age of 16 he became a telegraphist at Port Huron. In 1863 he became railway telegraphist at the busy Stratford Junction of the Grand Trunk Railroad, arranging a clock with a notched wheel to give the hourly signal which was to prove that he was awake and at his post! He left hurriedly after failing to hold a train which was nearly involved in a head-on collision. He usually worked the night shift, allowing himself time for experiments during the day. His first invention was an arrangement of two Morse registers so that a high-speed input could be decoded at a slower speed. Moving from place to place he held many positions as a telegraphist. In Boston he invented an automatic vote recorder for Congress and patented it, but the idea was rejected. This was the first of a total of 1180 patents that he was to take out during his lifetime. After six years he resigned from the Western Union Company to devote all his time to invention, his next idea being an improved ticker-tape machine for stockbrokers. He developed a duplex telegraphy system, but this was turned down by the Western Union Company. He then moved to New York.Edison found accommodation in the battery room of Law's Gold Reporting Company, sleeping in the cellar, and there his repair of a broken transmitter marked him as someone of special talents. His superior soon resigned, and he was promoted with a salary of $300 a month. Western Union paid him $40,000 for the sole rights on future improvements on the duplex telegraph, and he moved to Ward Street, Newark, New Jersey, where he employed a gathering of specialist engineers. Within a year, he married one of his employees, Mary Stilwell, when she was only 16: a daughter, Marion, was born in 1872, and two sons, Thomas and William, in 1876 and 1879, respectively.He continued to work on the automatic telegraph, a device to send out messages faster than they could be tapped out by hand: that is, over fifty words per minute or so. An earlier machine by Alexander Bain worked at up to 400 words per minute, but was not good over long distances. Edison agreed to work on improving this feature of Bain's machine for the Automatic Telegraph Company (ATC) for $40,000. He improved it to a working speed of 500 words per minute and ran a test between Washington and New York. Hoping to sell their equipment to the Post Office in Britain, ATC sent Edison to England in 1873 to negotiate. A 500-word message was to be sent from Liverpool to London every half-hour for six hours, followed by tests on 2,200 miles (3,540 km) of cable at Greenwich. Only confused results were obtained due to induction in the cable, which lay coiled in a water tank. Edison returned to New York, where he worked on his quadruplex telegraph system, tests of which proved a success between New York and Albany in December 1874. Unfortunately, simultaneous negotiation with Western Union and ATC resulted in a lawsuit.Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for a telephone in March 1876 while Edison was still working on the same idea. His improvements allowed the device to operate over a distance of hundreds of miles instead of only a few miles. Tests were carried out over the 106 miles (170 km) between New York and Philadelphia. Edison applied for a patent on the carbon-button transmitter in April 1877, Western Union agreeing to pay him $6,000 a year for the seventeen-year duration of the patent. In these years he was also working on the development of the electric lamp and on a duplicating machine which would make up to 3,000 copies from a stencil. In 1876–7 he moved from Newark to Menlo Park, twenty-four miles (39 km) from New York on the Pennsylvania Railway, near Elizabeth. He had bought a house there around which he built the premises that would become his "inventions factory". It was there that he began the use of his 200- page pocket notebooks, each of which lasted him about two weeks, so prolific were his ideas. When he died he left 3,400 of them filled with notes and sketches.Late in 1877 he applied for a patent for a phonograph which was granted on 19 February 1878, and by the end of the year he had formed a company to manufacture this totally new product. At the time, Edison saw the device primarily as a business aid rather than for entertainment, rather as a dictating machine. In August 1878 he was granted a British patent. In July 1878 he tried to measure the heat from the solar corona at a solar eclipse viewed from Rawlins, Wyoming, but his "tasimeter" was too sensitive.Probably his greatest achievement was "The Subdivision of the Electric Light" or the "glow bulb". He tried many materials for the filament before settling on carbon. He gave a demonstration of electric light by lighting up Menlo Park and inviting the public. Edison was, of course, faced with the problem of inventing and producing all the ancillaries which go to make up the electrical system of generation and distribution-meters, fuses, insulation, switches, cabling—even generators had to be designed and built; everything was new. He started a number of manufacturing companies to produce the various components needed.In 1881 he built the world's largest generator, which weighed 27 tons, to light 1,200 lamps at the Paris Exhibition. It was later moved to England to be used in the world's first central power station with steam engine drive at Holborn Viaduct, London. In September 1882 he started up his Pearl Street Generating Station in New York, which led to a worldwide increase in the application of electric power, particularly for lighting. At the same time as these developments, he built a 1,300yd (1,190m) electric railway at Menlo Park.On 9 August 1884 his wife died of typhoid. Using his telegraphic skills, he proposed to 19-year-old Mina Miller in Morse code while in the company of others on a train. He married her in February 1885 before buying a new house and estate at West Orange, New Jersey, building a new laboratory not far away in the Orange Valley.Edison used direct current which was limited to around 250 volts. Alternating current was largely developed by George Westinghouse and Nicola Tesla, using transformers to step up the current to a higher voltage for long-distance transmission. The use of AC gradually overtook the Edison DC system.In autumn 1888 he patented a form of cinephotography, the kinetoscope, obtaining film-stock from George Eastman. In 1893 he set up the first film studio, which was pivoted so as to catch the sun, with a hinged roof which could be raised. In 1894 kinetoscope parlours with "peep shows" were starting up in cities all over America. Competition came from the Latham Brothers with a screen-projection machine, which Edison answered with his "Vitascope", shown in New York in 1896. This showed pictures with accompanying sound, but there was some difficulty with synchronization. Edison also experimented with captions at this early date.In 1880 he filed a patent for a magnetic ore separator, the first of nearly sixty. He bought up deposits of low-grade iron ore which had been developed in the north of New Jersey. The process was a commercial success until the discovery of iron-rich ore in Minnesota rendered it uneconomic and uncompetitive. In 1898 cement rock was discovered in New Village, west of West Orange. Edison bought the land and started cement manufacture, using kilns twice the normal length and using half as much fuel to heat them as the normal type of kiln. In 1893 he met Henry Ford, who was building his second car, at an Edison convention. This started him on the development of a battery for an electric car on which he made over 9,000 experiments. In 1903 he sold his patent for wireless telegraphy "for a song" to Guglielmo Marconi.In 1910 Edison designed a prefabricated concrete house. In December 1914 fire destroyed three-quarters of the West Orange plant, but it was at once rebuilt, and with the threat of war Edison started to set up his own plants for making all the chemicals that he had previously been buying from Europe, such as carbolic acid, phenol, benzol, aniline dyes, etc. He was appointed President of the Navy Consulting Board, for whom, he said, he made some forty-five inventions, "but they were pigeonholed, every one of them". Thus did Edison find that the Navy did not take kindly to civilian interference.In 1927 he started the Edison Botanic Research Company, founded with similar investment from Ford and Firestone with the object of finding a substitute for overseas-produced rubber. In the first year he tested no fewer than 3,327 possible plants, in the second year, over 1,400, eventually developing a variety of Golden Rod which grew to 14 ft (4.3 m) in height. However, all this effort and money was wasted, due to the discovery of synthetic rubber.In October 1929 he was present at Henry Ford's opening of his Dearborn Museum to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the incandescent lamp, including a replica of the Menlo Park laboratory. He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and was elected to the American Academy of Sciences. He died in 1931 at his home, Glenmont; throughout the USA, lights were dimmed temporarily on the day of his funeral.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the American Academy of Sciences. Congressional Gold Medal.Further ReadingM.Josephson, 1951, Edison, Eyre \& Spottiswode.R.W.Clark, 1977, Edison, the Man who Made the Future, Macdonald \& Jane.IMcN -
24 conversion
1) превращение; преобразование; переход ( из одного состояния в другое)2) перевод; переход ( из одной системы единиц в другую)3) модернизация; переоборудование4) освоение; переход ( на новую систему); подготовка ( к внедрению системы)5) переработка7) освобождение от дробей9) вчт. перенесение ( данных с одного носителя на другой)10) перекодировка11) осахаривание, гидролиз (крахмала, солода и т. п.)•conversion to airbakes — переход на пневмотормоза;conversion to diesel traction — перевод на тепловозную тягу-
air cleaner conversion
-
AM-PM conversion
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analog-to-digital conversion
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bilateral conversion
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binary-to-decimal conversion
-
bipolar-unipolar conversion
-
bit rate conversion
-
bottle conversion
-
catalytic conversion
-
coal conversion
-
coal steam conversion
-
code conversion
-
conversion of electrical energy
-
conversion of energy
-
conversion of building
-
data conversion
-
delta-to-star conversion
-
delta-star conversion
-
digital conversion
-
digital-to-analog conversion
-
direct conversion
-
DM-to-PCM conversion
-
down conversion
-
dual fuel conversion
-
electrochemical conversion
-
electromechanical energy conversion
-
electrothermal conversion
-
endothermic conversion
-
energy conversion
-
engine conversion
-
fast conversion
-
fertile-to-fission conversion
-
field conversion
-
forward conversion
-
frame conversion
-
frequency conversion
-
fuel-nitrogen conversion
-
gas conversion
-
gene conversion
-
geokinetic energy conversion
-
hydrocarbon conversion
-
image conversion
-
indirect conversion
-
intermediate heat conversion
-
invert conversion
-
knit machine conversion
-
line conversion
-
log conversion
-
logical conversion
-
mechanical conversion
-
media conversion
-
mesh-star conversion
-
metric conversion
-
mode conversion
-
negative conversion
-
once-through conversion
-
one-stage conversion
-
optical standards conversion
-
ortho-to-para conversion
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ortho-para conversion
-
parallel conversion
-
parametric conversion
-
photoelectrochemical conversion
-
photothermal conversion
-
photovoltaic conversion
-
primary conversion
-
quaternary-to-analog conversion
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reverse conversion
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rough conversion
-
scan conversion
-
sequential-to-interlace conversion
-
series-parallel conversion
-
solar power thermal conversion
-
solar thermal conversion
-
solar energy conversion
-
star-to-delta conversion
-
star-delta conversion
-
sunlight-to-electricity conversion
-
television standards conversion
-
text-to-speech conversion
-
thermal conversion
-
thermionic conversion
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thermoelectric conversion
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thermophotovoltaic conversion
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torque conversion
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traveling wave conversion
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two-stage conversion
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type conversion
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up conversion -
25 system
'sistəm1) (an arrangement of many parts that work together: a railway system; the solar system; the digestive system.) sistema2) (a person's body: Take a walk every day - it's good for the system!) organismo3) (a way of organizing something according to certain ideas, principles etc: a system of government/education.) sistema4) (a plan or method: What is your system for washing the dishes?) método5) (the quality of being efficient and methodical: Your work lacks system.) organización, sistema, método•- systematically
system n sistematr['sɪstəm]1 (gen) sistema nombre masculino2 (body) cuerpo, organismo\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLall systems go! ¡todo bien!to get something out of one's system desahogarsesystems analysis análisis nombre masculino de sistemassystems analyst analista nombre masulino o femenino de sistemassystem ['sɪstəm] n1) method: sistema m, método m2) apparatus: sistema m, instalación f, aparato melectrical system: instalación eléctricadigestive system: aparato digestivo3) body: organismo m, cuerpo mdiseases that affect the whole system: enfermedades que afectan el organismo entero4) network: red fn.• constitución s.f.• mecanismo s.m.• método s.m.• red s.f.• régimen s.m.• sistema s.m.'sɪstəm1)a) u c ( ordered structure) sistema m, método mb) c ( procedure) sistema mfiling/classification system — sistema de archivo/clasificación
c) c ( organizational whole) sistema m2) ca) (technical, mechanical) sistema mb) ( Comput) sistema mc) ( Audio) equipo m (de sonido or audio)3) ca) (Anat, Physiol)b) ( body) cuerpo m, organismo mmy system can't cope with so much food — mi cuerpo or mi organismo no puede con tanta comida
to get somebody/something out of one's system: it took me years to get her out of my system me llevó años olvidarla or sacármela de la cabeza; I had to say it; I needed to get it out of my system — se lo tuve que decir; me tenía que desahogar
4) ca) ( form of government) sistema mb) (establishment, status quo)5) c ( for gambling) fórmula f, martingala f (CS)['sɪstǝm]1. N1) (=method) sistema mnew teaching systems — nuevos sistemas or métodos de enseñanza
2) (Pol, Sociol) (=organization) sistema ma political/economic/social system — un sistema político/económico/social
3) (Math, Sci) (=principles) sistema mbinary/decimal/metric system — sistema m binario/decimal/métrico
4) (Elec, Comput, Mech) sistema m5) (=network) sistema m, red ftransport system — sistema m or red f de transportes
6) (=order) método m7) (Med) (=organism) organismo m, cuerpo mthe nervous/immune system — el sistema nervioso/inmunitario
it was quite a shock to the system — (fig) fue un buen golpe para el organismo
- get sth out of one's system8)the system — (=the establishment) el sistema
9) (=classification) sistema m10) (Astron) sistema msolar system — sistema m solar
2.CPDsystem disk N — disco m del sistema
system operator N — (Comput) operador(a) m / f de sistemas
system requirements NPL — requisitos mpl de configuración
systems analysis N — análisis m inv de sistemas
systems analyst N — (Comput) analista mf de sistemas
systems engineer N — (Comput) ingeniero(-a) m / f de sistemas
systems engineering N — ingeniería f de sistemas
systems integrator N — (=business) integrador m de sistemas; (=person) integrador(a) m / f de sistemas
systems programmer N — programador(a) m / f de sistemas
systems software N — software m del sistema
* * *['sɪstəm]1)a) u c ( ordered structure) sistema m, método mb) c ( procedure) sistema mfiling/classification system — sistema de archivo/clasificación
c) c ( organizational whole) sistema m2) ca) (technical, mechanical) sistema mb) ( Comput) sistema mc) ( Audio) equipo m (de sonido or audio)3) ca) (Anat, Physiol)b) ( body) cuerpo m, organismo mmy system can't cope with so much food — mi cuerpo or mi organismo no puede con tanta comida
to get somebody/something out of one's system: it took me years to get her out of my system me llevó años olvidarla or sacármela de la cabeza; I had to say it; I needed to get it out of my system — se lo tuve que decir; me tenía que desahogar
4) ca) ( form of government) sistema mb) (establishment, status quo)5) c ( for gambling) fórmula f, martingala f (CS) -
26 sensor
чувствительный элемент; воспринимающий прибор; датчик, см. тж. pickup, transducer; приёмник сигналов или физических параметровcompressor inlet temperature sensor — дв. датчик температуры на входе в компрессор
scanner telescope solar sensor — солнечный датчик сканирующего телескопа; солнечный датчик системы сканирования телескопа
sun(-angle, -vector) sensor — датчик солнечной ориентации, солнечный датчик [ориентатор]
— G sensor— g sensor— Q sensor— q sensor -
27 energy
-
absorbed radiation energy
-
absorbed-in-compression energy
-
absorbed-in-fracture energy
-
acoustic energy
-
activation energy of friction
-
activation energy
-
active energy
-
adhesive binding energy
-
allowed energy
-
alternative energy
-
atomic energy
-
average photon energy
-
band-gap energy
-
base-load energy
-
base energy
-
binding energy
-
biomass energy
-
bonding energy
-
bond energy
-
boundary energy
-
braking energy
-
break-up energy
-
brittle fracture energy
-
brittle shelf energy
-
buoyancy energy
-
bus-bar energy
-
capillary energy
-
charge energy
-
Charpy impact energy
-
Charpy V-notch shelf energy
-
Charpy V-notch energy
-
chemical energy
-
clean energy
-
cohesive binding energy
-
cohesive bonding energy
-
cohesive energy
-
comfort energy
-
conduction band energy
-
Coulomb energy
-
crack closure energy
-
crack energy
-
crude energy
-
cutoff energy
-
decay energy
-
derived energy
-
discharge energy
-
disintegration energy
-
dissociation energy
-
distortion strain energy
-
distortion energy
-
ductile fracture energy
-
elastic strain energy
-
elastic energy
-
electric energy
-
electric field energy
-
electrical potential energy
-
electrochemical free energy
-
electrokinetic energy
-
electrolytic dissociation energy
-
electromagnetic energy
-
electron energy
-
electrostatic energy
-
embrittling energy
-
epithermal energy
-
excess energy
-
exchange energy
-
excitation energy
-
exhaust energy
-
field energy
-
firm energy
-
fission energy
-
fracture energy
-
free energy
-
free surface energy
-
frictional energy
-
fusion energy
-
fusion plasma energy
-
gap energy
-
generating station auxiliary energy
-
generating station net output energy
-
geokinetic energy
-
geothermal energy
-
grain-boundary energy
-
heat energy
-
Helmholtz free energy
-
Helmholtz energy
-
hole-electron energy
-
hydration energy
-
hydraulic energy
-
hysteresis energy
-
impurity ionization energy
-
incident energy
-
incident solar energy
-
input energy
-
instantaneous strain energy
-
interaction energy
-
interface energy
-
interfacial energy
-
internal energy
-
ionization energy
-
kinetic energy
-
kink energy
-
latent energy
-
lattice energy
-
light energy
-
low-grade energy
-
luminous energy
-
magnetic energy
-
magnetic fusion energy
-
mechanical energy
-
misfit energy
-
motional energy
-
net energy
-
noise energy
-
nonfirm energy
-
nuclear energy
-
off-peak energy
-
on-peak energy
-
optical energy
-
particle energy
-
pattern energy
-
peak energy
-
peel energy
-
photon energy
-
plastic strain energy
-
plastic energy
-
portable energy
-
potential energy
-
pressure energy
-
primary energy
-
prompt gamma energy
-
pulse energy
-
pumping energy
-
quantum energy
-
radiant energy
-
radiant pulse energy
-
reactive energy
-
refuse-to-gas energy
-
released energy
-
reservoir energy
-
resilience energy
-
resonance-absorption energy
-
rest energy
-
run-of-river energy
-
seasonal storage energy
-
secondary energy
-
separation energy
-
sideband energy
-
soft energy
-
solar energy
-
sound energy
-
specific energy
-
spike leakage energy
-
stacking fault energy
-
stored energy
-
strain energy
-
stream energy
-
sun energy
-
surface energy
-
thermal energy
-
thermoelectric energy
-
threshold energy
-
tidal energy
-
transient energy
-
translational energy
-
turbulent energy
-
turbulent kinetic energy
-
upper shelf energy
-
up-the-ladder energy
-
wake energy
-
waste energy
-
zero-point energy -
28 engineering
1) техника2) технология3) разработка; проектирование; конструирование•-
acoustic engineering
-
aerodrome engineering
-
aeronautical engineering
-
architectural engineering
-
atomic power engineering
-
bridge engineering
-
building engineering
-
cinematographic engineering
-
circuit engineering
-
civil engineering
-
clothing engineering
-
combustion engineering
-
communication engineering
-
computation engineering
-
computer engineering
-
computer-aided engineering
-
construction engineering
-
control engineering
-
cryogenic engineering
-
design engineering
-
development engineering
-
drainage engineering
-
earthquake engineering
-
electrical engineering
-
electronic engineering
-
environmental engineering
-
fire engineering
-
food engineering
-
foundation engineering
-
fuel engineering
-
genetic engineering
-
geologic engineering
-
harbor engineering
-
heat engineering
-
heat-power engineering
-
high-voltage engineering
-
highway engineering
-
human engineering
-
hydraulic engineering
-
hydropower engineering
-
illumination engineering
-
industrial engineering
-
irrigation engineering
-
knowledge engineering
-
lighting engineering
-
locomotive engineering
-
manufacturing engineering
-
microwave engineering
-
mining engineering
-
municipal engineering
-
nuclear engineering
-
nuclear-power engineering
-
optical engineering
-
package engineering
-
petroleum engineering
-
photographic engineering
-
power engineering
-
process engineering
-
production engineering
-
quality engineering
-
radar engineering
-
radio engineering
-
railroad engineering
-
reactor engineering
-
refractory engineering
-
refrigerating engineering
-
reliability engineering
-
research engineering
-
reservoir engineering
-
reverse engineering
-
river engineering
-
safety engineering
-
sanitary engineering
-
sea floor engineering
-
semiconductor engineering
-
software engineering
-
solar engineering
-
solar power engineering
-
structural engineering
-
sun power engineering
-
systems engineering
-
system engineering
-
tunnel engineering
-
vacuum engineering
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warp knitting engineering
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water engineering
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water-power engineering
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water-supply engineering
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welding engineering
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wind-power engineering -
29 facility
1) устройство; установка2) мн. ч. оборудование; аппаратура, аппаратное обеспечение; технические средства; производственные мощности4) канал связи•-
air navigation facilities
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aircraft facility
-
aircraft manufacturing facilities
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aircraft standby facilities
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airways facilities
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altitude test facility
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approach facilities
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aquatic photovoltaic facility
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at-reactor dry storage facility
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audio transfer facility
-
blending facilities
-
blocked facility
-
bundling facilities
-
cable facilities
-
canned cycle facilities
-
capsule cleaning facilities
-
car production facility
-
car repair facility
-
cargo handling facilities
-
centralized video tape facilities
-
charging facilities
-
clean room facilities
-
coal-cleaning facilities
-
coal-storage facility
-
coke-quenching facilities
-
cold-storage facilities
-
combined outlet facility
-
communications facilities
-
communication facilities
-
communications security facilities
-
communication security facilities
-
comprehensive facilities
-
computer facility
-
computer-aided design facilities
-
computer-aided manufacturing facilities
-
conditioning facilities
-
control facilities
-
cryogenic facilities
-
custom facilities
-
cutter compensation facility
-
debugging facilities
-
deep space instrumentation facility
-
degassing facility
-
discharge facility
-
dishwashing facility
-
display facilities
-
diversion facility
-
DNC facilities
-
drying facilities
-
dual-purpose energy facility
-
editing facility
-
effluent-disposal facilities
-
electrical distribution facilities
-
electrical facility
-
fabrication facilities
-
fault tracing facilities
-
field facilities
-
field-test facilities
-
finishing facilities
-
firing facilities
-
fish facility
-
fuel-reprocessing facility
-
gathering facilities
-
generalized facilities
-
ground handling facilities
-
hot extrusion facilities
-
in-house facilities
-
interface facilities
-
intermodal facility
-
investment casting facility
-
job-shop production facilities
-
ladle-degassing facility
-
landline facilities
-
library facilities
-
lighting facilities
-
limited facilities
-
lining facilities
-
locomotive facility
-
locomotive servicing facility
-
machining facilities
-
maintenance facility
-
management facilities
-
manufacturing facilities
-
MDH facility
-
melting facility
-
metal-degassing facility
-
mirror fusion test facility
-
mooring facility
-
multilayering facility
-
navigation facility
-
navigational facilities
-
office facilities
-
oil field facility
-
oil handling facilities
-
oil servicing facilities
-
oil-loading facilities
-
orbital facility
-
orderwire facilities
-
pallet off-loading facility
-
patching facilities
-
peripheral facilities
-
photovoltaic facility
-
photovoltaic test facility
-
post-irradiation examination facility
-
power facility
-
power reactor facility
-
process facilities
-
production facilities
-
pumping facility
-
radio facilities
-
ramp facilities
-
reactor facility
-
reception facility
-
repair facilities
-
reprographic facilities
-
sanitation facility
-
satellite transmission facilities
-
scrap-handling facilities
-
scrap-processing facilities
-
security facilities
-
service facility
-
shop lining facilities
-
slaughtering facilities
-
solar simulator facility
-
standby facility
-
steam-degassing facilities
-
storage facility
-
studio facilities
-
surface facility
-
switching facilities
-
tank cleaning facility
-
tank farm facilities
-
tape recording facility
-
tar-distillation facilities
-
television facilities
-
television-production facility
-
television-switching facilities
-
terminal facility
-
test facilities
-
thorium-uranium reprocessing facility
-
threading facility
-
toilet facility
-
tool call-up facility
-
tool offset facility
-
tool presetting facility
-
topping facility
-
transmission facility
-
transuranic waste treatment facility
-
truck-loading facilities
-
unloading facilities
-
utility-installed photovoltaic facility
-
vacant facility
-
video facilities
-
video-switching facilities
-
wagon washout facility
-
waste handling facility
-
waste-water treatment facility
-
water flood facilities
-
water intake facility
-
water treating facility
-
waterworks facility
-
weightless environment training facility
-
withdrawal-roll facility -
30 industry
3) фирма; предприятие•-
aerospace industry
-
aircraft industry
-
air industry
-
alcoholic beverage industry
-
apparel industry
-
automotive industry
-
baking industry
-
basic industry
-
boiler industry
-
brewing industry
-
building industry
-
by-product-coking industry
-
canned foods industry
-
car-building industry
- cast iron industry -
chemical industry
-
coal-mining industry
-
coke industry
-
cold-storage industry
-
commercial space industry
-
communication industry
-
computer industry
-
confectionary industry
-
construction industry
-
converter industry
-
copper-smelting industry
-
cosmetic industry
-
cryogenic industry
-
dairy industry
-
detergent industry
-
double-knit industry
-
electric machine industry
-
electrical manufacturing industry
-
electrical industry
-
electric-power industry
-
electronic industry
-
extractive industry
-
fabric industry
-
fat-and-oil industry
-
feed mill industry
-
ferroalloy industry
-
film industry
-
fish industry
-
flavor and fragrance industry
-
flavoring industry
-
flour-milling industry
-
food manufacturing industry
-
food industry
-
forest products industry
-
forest industry
-
foundry industry
-
fragrance industry
-
fruit processing industry
-
graphic arts industry
-
heavy industry
-
hightech industry
-
hosiery industry
-
hydropower industry
-
information processing industry
-
information industry
-
iron ore industry
-
knitting industry
-
light industry
-
logging industry
-
machine tool industry
-
machine-building industry
-
machine industry
-
man-made textile industry
-
manufacturing industry
-
metal mining industry
-
metal-working industry
-
milk industry
-
mineral resource industry
-
mining industry
-
motion picture industry
-
motive-power industry
-
movie industry
-
natural gas industry
-
nonferrous industry
-
nuclear industry
-
nuclear instrument industry
-
nuclear reactor industry
-
oil industry
-
packaging industry
-
paper converting industry
-
photographic industry
-
plastics industry
-
power industry
-
printing industry
-
process industry
-
public water-supply industry
-
pulp-and-paper industry
-
radiation-instrument industry
-
refractories industry
-
refrigeration industry
-
resin industry
-
robotic industry
-
robot industry
-
robotized industry
-
rock-products industry
-
rubber-processing industry
-
salvage industry
-
scrap industry
-
semiconductor industry
-
sewing industry
-
soap industry
-
soft drink industry
-
software industry
-
solar industry
-
space industry
-
steel tubular industry
-
sugar industry
-
sweater industry
-
tea industry
-
textile industry
-
timber industry
-
tobacco industry
-
warp knitting industry
-
waste industry
-
water industry
-
wine industry
-
wood industry
-
woodworking industry -
31 instrument
1) метр. средство измерений3) инструмент; инструментальное средство•instrument calibrated in logarithmic steps — прибор с логарифмической шкалой;instrument labeled with... — прибор, отградуированный в...;to check an instrument — 1. проверять исправность прибора 2. поверять прибор;to read an instrument — снимать показания прибора-
absolute instrument
-
ac instrument
-
accepted instrument
-
accessory instrument
-
ac-dc instrument
-
active-measuring instrument
-
active instrument
-
airborne instrument
-
airspeed instrument
-
all-solid state instrument
-
analog instrument
-
angular instrument
-
aperiodic instrument
-
astatic instrument
-
aviation instruments
-
batch-type instrument
-
battery-operated instrument
-
bench-top instrument
-
bench instrument
-
bore measuring instrument
-
Bragg instrument
-
calibrating instrument
-
center-zero instrument
-
certified instrument
-
chart-recording instrument
-
colorimetric instrument
-
commercially produced instrument
-
commercial instrument
-
comparative instrument
-
contactless instrument
-
contact-type instrument
-
continuously reading instrument
-
crossed-field instrument
-
cross-field instrument
-
cross-coil instrument
-
D'Arsonval instrument
-
dc instrument
-
dead-beat instrument
-
deflection instrument
-
diagnostic test instrument
-
dial instrument
-
digital instrument
-
direct-acting instrument
-
direct-reading instrument
-
distant-indicating instrument
-
downhole instrument
-
draught instrument
-
drawing instrument
-
dropwindsonde instrument
-
echo-sounding instrument
-
edgewise instrument
-
electric staff instrument
-
electrically measuring instrument
-
electrical measuring instrument
-
electrical-type instrument
-
electrodynamic instrument
-
electromagnetic instrument
-
electronic instrument
-
electrostatic instrument
-
end instrument
-
extended-range instrument
-
ferrodynamic instrument
-
ferromagnetic instrument
-
fluidic instrument
-
flush-type instrument
-
go-devil instrument
-
grading instrument
-
graphic instrument
-
grating instrument
-
hardness measuring instrument
-
health-monitoring instrument
-
hook-on instrument
-
hot-wire instrument
-
humidity control instrument
-
indicating instrument
-
induction-type instrument
-
induction instrument
-
integrating instrument
-
iron-cored type instrument
-
iron-cored instrument
-
laboratory instrument
-
leveling instrument
-
light-beam instrument
-
lighting instrument
-
light-spot instrument
-
linear-measuring instrument
-
line-powered instrument
-
loop-forming instruments
-
mains-operated instrument
-
manual-balance instrument
-
measuring instrument
-
mine-surveying instrument
-
monitoring instrument
-
moored instrument
-
motion picture instrument
-
moving-coil instrument
-
moving-iron instrument
-
moving-magnet instrument
-
multimeter instrument
-
multiple-range instrument
-
noncontact instrument
-
null-indicating instrument
-
numerical-reading instrument
-
optical instrument
-
passive-measuring instrument
-
passive instrument
-
permanent-magnet moving-iron instrument
-
pH instrument
-
photoelectrical instrument
-
photoelectric instrument
-
plunger-type instrument
-
pointer-and-scale instrument
-
polarized-vane instrument
-
portable instrument
-
presetting instrument
-
primary instrument
-
printing instrument
-
production control instrument
-
programmable instrument
-
projected-moving-pointer instrument
-
projection instrument
-
rack-mounted instrument
-
rack-mount instrument
-
recording instrument
-
rectifier-type instrument
-
rectifier instrument
-
reference instrument
-
registering instrument
-
remote-reading instrument
-
remote-sensing instrument
-
robust instrument
-
sampling instrument
-
schlieren instrument
-
Schopper-Rieger instrument
-
self-calibrating instrument
-
self-contained instrument
-
sensing instrument
-
service measuring instrument
-
shadow column instrument
-
shop floor measuring instrument
-
shop measuring instrument
-
signal-tracing instrument
-
solar radiation instrument
-
solid-state instrument
-
sonic depth-finding instrument
-
sound editing instrument
-
spaceborne instrument
-
speed measuring instrument
-
standard instrument
-
standardizing instrument
-
stylus instrument
-
summation instrument
-
suppressed-zero instrument
-
surveying instrument
-
survey instrument
-
switchboard instrument
-
tabletop instrument
-
test instrument
-
thermal instrument
-
thermistor instrument
-
thermocouple-type instrument
-
thermocouple instrument
-
token instrument
-
tower instrument
-
track instrument
-
transfer instrument
-
transfer quality instrument
-
transient instrument
-
troubleshooting instrument
-
ultrasonic instrument
-
verifiable instrument
-
verifying instrument
-
vibrating-reed instrument
-
viewing instrument
-
visual instrument
-
warning instrument
-
well surveying instrument
-
wireline instrument
-
working measuring instrument
-
zero instrument
-
zero-center instrument -
32 oil
1. нефть || нефтяной2. масло ( растительное или минеральное) || масляный3. жидкая смазка, смазочное масло || смазыватьoil struck at... — нефть встречена на глубине...
— hot oil— base oil— cut oil— dead oil— form oil— fuel oil— lean oil— live oil— load oil— lock oil— net oil— oil in— raw oil— rich oil— rock oil— seep oil— sour oil— tank oil— tar oil— wet oil
* * *
нефть (все жидкие углеводороды, получаемые из скважин, и конденсаты, извлекаемые из природного газа)pipeline quality crude oil — нефть, соответствующая требованиям транспортирования по трубопроводу (упругость паров по Рейду в подвижном состоянии -100)
tanker specification crude oil — нефть, соответствующая требованиям транспортирования танкерами (упругость паров по Рейду в подвешенном состоянии -10)
to hold back oil in the reservoir — удерживать нефть в коллекторе;
— bad oil— base oil— cut oil— dead oil— dry oil— dump oil— fuel oil— hot oil— live oil— load oil— raw oil— rock oil— sour oil— tank oil— wet oil— wild oil
* * *
1. нефть
* * *
нефть (<<жидкие углеводороды, извлекаемые из природного газа) || нефтянойoil in bulk — 1) нефть наливом; нефтепродукты наливом 2) нефть в резервуаре;
oil in hole — нефть в стволе скважины;
oil in place — нефть в пласте; пластовая нефть; нефть, предположительно находящаяся в коллекторе;
oil in reserve — 1) нефть, заполняющая трубопроводы и резервуары 2) нефтепродукт, заполняющий систему заводских резервуаров и трубопроводов;
oil in sight — видимые запасы нефти;
oil in situ — нефть в пласте;
oil in storage — 1) нефть в трубопроводах 2) избыточная ( не отправленная потребителям) нефть на нефтебазах;
oil initially in place — первоначальные запасы нефти в коллекторе;
oil originally in reservoir — начальное содержание нефти в пласте;
to carry oil — содержать нефть;
to flood oil toward production well — вытеснять нефть ( водой) к добывающей скважине;
to hold back oil in the reservoir — удерживать нефть в коллекторе;
to make oil — добывать нефть;
to run the oil — 1) измерять количество нефти в промысловых резервуарах 2) перекачивать нефть из промысловых резервуаров по трубопроводу;
to skim off oil — собирать нефть, разлившуюся на поверхности воды;
to strike oil — обнаруживать месторождение нефти;
- oil of paraffinoil to surface — нефть, поступающая на поверхность;
- abandoned oil
- absorbent oil
- adsorbed oil
- absorption oil
- acid oil
- acid-refined oil
- acid-stage oil
- additive blended oil
- additive motor oil
- additive treated oil
- additive-type oil
- admiralty fuel oil
- aeroengine oil
- air filter oil
- aircraft oil
- airplane oil
- all-purpose engine oil
- alpha oil
- American paraffin oil
- Appalachian oil
- aqueous-soluble oil
- Arctic oil
- aromatic-base crude oil
- asphalt-base oil
- asphalt-free oil
- asphaltic road oil
- asphaltum oil
- automobile oil
- average-quality oil
- axle oil
- bad oil
- base oil
- batch oil
- Beaumont oil
- bentonite diesel oil
- benzolized oil
- benzyl mustard oil
- black oil
- blasting oil
- blended fuel oil
- blue oil
- bobbin oil
- bodied oil
- boiler oil
- branded oil
- break-in oil
- bright oil
- bubble point oil
- burner oil
- burning oil
- by-passed oil
- capacitor oil
- car oil
- carbon oil
- cargo oil
- catalytic gas oil
- circuit-breaker oil
- clay-filtered oil
- clean oil
- cleaning oil
- cleansing oil
- coal oil
- coastal oil
- coker gas oil
- cold-settled oil
- cold-test oil
- commercial oil
- compressor oil
- concrete form oil
- condensed oil
- condenser oil
- conventional oil
- cordage oil
- corrected oil
- crankcase oil
- crevice oil
- crude oil
- crude mineral oil
- crude petroleum fuel oil
- crude shale oil
- crystal oil
- cut oil
- cutter oil
- cutting oil
- cycle oil
- cycle gas oil
- cylinder oil
- dangerous oil
- dead oil
- debenzolized oil
- degassed oil
- denuded oil
- desalinized oil
- development oil
- dielectrical oil
- diesel oil
- diesel-fuel oil
- dispersed oil
- dissolved oil
- distillate oil
- distillate fuel oil
- domestic oil
- doped oil
- dry oil
- dual-purpose oil
- dump oil
- earth oil
- economically recoverable oil
- electrical switch oil
- emulsified crude oil
- emulsion oil
- engine oil
- enriched oil
- entrained oil
- equilibrium oil
- estimated original oil in place
- explosive oil
- extra-heavy crude oil
- first-quality oil
- fluid oil
- flush oil
- fluxing oil
- foam oil
- foot's oil
- foreign oil
- form oil
- fossil oil
- free oil
- fuel oil
- furnace oil
- gaged oil
- gas oil
- gas absorber oil
- gas and mud-cut oil
- gas-cut oil
- gas-cut load oil
- gear oil
- gearbox oil
- gearcase oil
- gelled oil
- graphite lubrication oil
- grease oil
- grease-spoiled oil
- green bloom oil
- green cast oil
- hard oil
- heating oil
- heavy oil
- heavy-cycle gas oil
- heavy-duty supplement oil
- heavy gas oil
- heavy lubricating oil
- heavy neutral oil
- high-gravity oil
- high-pour-point oil
- high-pour-test oil
- high-pressure oil
- high-temperature shale oil
- highly detergent oil
- highly refined oil
- highly resinous oil
- hot oil
- hybrid-base oil
- hydraulic oil
- hydraulic system oil
- hydrocarbon oils
- hydrofined oil
- hydrogen-deficient gas oil
- illuminating oil
- imported oil
- inactive oil
- incremental oil
- industrial white oil
- initial oil in place
- initial oil in reservoir
- in-place oil
- inspissated oil
- instrument oil
- insulating oil
- intermediate oil
- irreducible oil
- kerosene oil
- lake oil
- lamp oil
- lean oil
- lease oil
- light oil
- light crude oil
- light cycle gas oil
- light engine oil
- light fuel oil
- light gas oil
- light viscosity oil
- lightwood oil
- limestone oil
- live oil
- livered oil
- load oil
- lock oil
- long-time burning oil
- loom oil
- low-gravity oil
- low-viscosity oil
- lubricating oil
- machinery oil
- make-up oil
- marine oil
- marine engine oil
- merchantable oil
- middle oil
- Middle East oil
- migratory oil
- mineral oil
- mineral earth oil
- mineral seal oil
- miner's oil
- mixed asphaltic base oil
- mixed-base oil
- mother oil
- motor oil
- moveable oil
- mud oil
- mud-cut oil
- multigrade oil
- noncongealable oil
- nondrying oil
- opal oil
- naphthalene oil
- naphthene oil
- natural oil
- net oil
- net residual oil
- nonabsorbent oil
- nonfoaming oil
- nonrecoverable oil
- nonresinous oil
- nonsulfurous oil
- occluded oil
- offshore oil
- original oil in place
- original stock tank oil in place
- oxydized oil
- oxygenated oil
- pale oil
- paraffin-base oil
- paraffin-base crude oil
- paraffinic oil
- pattern oil
- penetrating oil
- petrolatum oil
- petroleum fuel oil
- petroleum gas oil
- pilot oil
- piped oil
- pipeline oil
- pipeline quality crude oil
- polybase oil
- power oil
- primary oil
- produced oil
- prospective oil
- pumping load oil
- pure oil
- range oil
- raw oil
- recirculating oil
- reclaimed lubricating oil
- recoverable oil
- recovered oil
- red oil
- reduced oil
- reduced fuel oil
- refined oil
- residual oil
- retained oil
- returning circulation oil
- rich oil
- road oil
- rock oil
- roily oil
- rustproof oil
- saturated oil
- scavenge oil
- scrubbing oil
- secondary oil
- seep oil
- selective solvent-extracted oil
- selective solvent-refined oil
- separator oil
- service DG oil
- service DM oil
- service DS oil
- service ML oil
- service MM oil
- service MS oil
- shafting oil
- shale oil
- Sherwood oil
- short oil
- shrinked oil
- skunk oil
- slightly gas-cut oil
- sludge oil
- slurry oil
- slush oil
- slushing oil
- solar oil
- solid oil
- solidified oil
- soluble oil
- sorbed oil
- sour oil
- spindle oil
- steam-distillable oil
- steam-refined oil
- stock-tank oil
- stock-tank oil in place
- stoker's oil
- stone oil
- stove oil
- straight mineral oil
- straw oil
- stripped oil
- stripping oil
- subzero oil
- sulfonated oil
- sulfur-bearing oil
- sulfurous oil
- summer oil
- surplus oil
- sweat oil
- sweet oil
- switch oil
- tank oil
- tanker specification crude oil
- tar oil
- tarry oil
- tertiary oil
- thin oil
- thinned oil
- topped oil
- torch oil
- tractor oil
- transformer oil
- trapped oil
- trimming oil
- trolly oil
- turkey-red oil
- undiluted engine oil
- univis oil
- unrecovered oil
- unrefinable oil
- unrefinable crude oil
- unstripped oil
- untreated oil
- vaporizing oil
- vulcan oil
- washed blue oil
- waste oil
- water-cut oil
- watered oil
- watery oil
- wax oil
- wet oil
- white oil
- wild oil
- winter oil
- wirerope oil* * *• нефть• нефтяной -
33 back
bæk
1. noun1) (in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine: She lay on her back.) espalda2) (in animals, the upper part of the body: She put the saddle on the horse's back.) lomo3) (that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front: the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall.) parte trasera, fondo4) (in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards.) defensa
2. adjective(of or at the back: the back door.) de detrás, trasero
3. adverb1) (to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came: I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner.) de vuelta2) (away (from something); not near (something): Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you!) hacia atrás, para atrás3) (towards the back (of something): Sit back in your chair.) hacia atrás, para atrás4) (in return; in response to: When the teacher is scolding you, don't answer back.) de vuelta5) (to, or in, the past: Think back to your childhood.) atrás
4. verb1) (to (cause to) move backwards: He backed (his car) out of the garage.) dar marcha atrás, mover hacia atrás2) (to help or support: Will you back me against the others?) apoyar3) (to bet or gamble on: I backed your horse to win.) apostar a•- backer- backbite
- backbiting
- backbone
- backbreaking
- backdate
- backfire
- background
- backhand
5. adverb(using backhand: She played the stroke backhand; She writes backhand.) del revés; con el dorso de la mano- backlog- back-number
- backpack
- backpacking: go backpacking
- backpacker
- backside
- backslash
- backstroke
- backup
- backwash
- backwater
- backyard
- back down
- back of
- back on to
- back out
- back up
- have one's back to the wall
- put someone's back up
- take a back seat
back1 adj trasero / de atrásback2 adv1. atrás / hacia atrásstand back! ¡atrás! / ¡apártate!2. de vuelta3. hacethat was years back! ¡eso fue hace años!we met back in 1983 nos conocimos en 1983 back también combina con muchos verbos. Aquí tienes algunos ejemplosback3 n1. espaldalie on your back échate de espaldas / échate boca arriba2. dorso / revés3. parte de atrás / fondocan you hear me at the back? ¿me escucháis al fondo?back4 vb1. apoyar / respaldar2. dar marcha atráshe backed the car into the garage metió el coche en el garaje de culo / metió el coche en el garaje dando marcha atrástr[bæk]1 (of person) espalda2 (of animal, book) lomo3 (of chair) respaldo4 (of hand) dorso5 (of knife, sword) canto6 (of coin, medal) reverso7 (of cheque) dorso8 (of stage, room, cupboard) fondo1 trasero,-a, de atrás1 (support) apoyar, respaldar2 (finance) financiar3 (bet on) apostar por\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLback to back espalda con espaldaback to front al revésto answer back replicarto be back estar de vueltato be glad to see the back of somebody estar contento de haberse quitado a alguien de encimato break one's back deslomarseto carry on one's back llevar a cuestasto fall on one's back caerse de espaldasto have somebody on one's back tener a alguien encimato come back / go back volverto get somebody's back up mosquear a alguiento get off somebody's back dejar de fastidiar a alguiento hit back devolver el golpe 2 figurative use contestar a una acusaciónto have one's back to the wall figurative use estar entre la espada y la paredto lie on one's back estar acostado,-a boca arribato give back devolverto put back volver a guardar en su sitioto put one's back into something arrimar el hombroto phone back volver a llamarto stand back apartarseto turn one's back on somebody volver la espalda a alguienback copy número retrasadoback door puerta traseraback number número atrasadoback pay atrasos nombre masculino pluralback row última filaback seat asiento de atrásback street callejuelaback wheel rueda traserashort back and sides corte nombre masculino de pelo casi al rapeback ['bæk] vt3) : estar detrás de, formar el fondo detrees back the garden: unos árboles están detrás del jardínback vi2)to back away : echarse atrás3)back adv1) : atrás, hacia atrás, detrásto move back: moverse atrásback and forth: de acá para allá2) ago: atrás, antes, yasome years back: unos años atrás, ya unos años10 months back: hace diez meses3) : de vuelta, de regresowe're back: estamos de vueltashe ran back: volvió corriendoto call back: llamar de nuevoback adj1) rear: de atrás, posterior, trasero2) overdue: atrasado3)back pay : atrasos mplback n1) : espalda f (de un ser humano), lomo m (de un animal)2) : respaldo m (de una silla), espalda f (de ropa)3) reverse: reverso m, dorso m, revés m4) rear: fondo m, parte f de atrás5) : defensa mf (en deportes)adj.• posterior adj.• trasero, -a adj.adv.• atrás adv.• detrás adv.• redro adv.n.• atrás s.m.• costilla s.f.• dorso s.m.• envés s.m.• espalda s.f.• espaldar s.m.• fondo s.m.• lomo s.m.• respaldo s.m.• reverso s.m.• revés s.m.• trasera s.f.v.• apadrinar v.• mover hacia atrás v.• respaldar v.bæk
I
behind somebody's back: they laugh at him behind his back se ríen de él a sus espaldas; to be on somebody's back (colloq) estarle* encima a alguien; get off my back! déjame en paz (fam); to break the back of something hacer* la parte más difícil/la mayor parte de algo; to get o put somebody's back up (colloq) irritar a alguien; to put one's back into something poner* empeño en algo; to turn one's back on somebody — volverle* la espalda a alguien; scratch II d)
2) ca) ( of chair) respaldo m; (of dress, jacket) espalda f; (of electrical appliance, watch) tapa fb) (reverse side - of envelope, photo) dorso m, revés m; (- of head) parte f posterior or de atrás; (- of hand) dorso mc)back to front: your sweater is on back to front — te has puesto el suéter al revés; hand I 2)
3) c u ( rear part)I'll sit in the back — ( of car) yo me siento detrás or (en el asiento de) atrás
(in) back of the sofa — (AmE) detrás del sofá
he's out back in the yard — (AmE) está en el patio, al fondo
in the back of beyond — donde el diablo perdió el poncho (AmL fam), en el quinto pino (Esp fam)
4) c ( Sport) defensa mf, zaguero, -ra m,f
II
adjective (before n, no comp)1) ( at rear) trasero, de atrás2) ( of an earlier date)back number o issue — número m atrasado
III
1) (indicating return, repetition)meanwhile, back at the house... — mientras tanto, en la casa...
to run/fly back — volver* corriendo/en avión
they had us back the following week — nos devolvieron la invitación la semana siguiente; see also go, take back
2) (in reply, reprisal)3)a) ( backward)b) ( toward the rear) atráswe can't hear you back here — aquí atrás no te oímos; see also hold, keep back
4) (in, into the past)5)back and forth — = backward(s) and forward(s): see backward II d)
IV
1.
1)a) \<\<person/decision\>\> respaldar, apoyarb) ( bet money on) \<\<horse/winner\>\> apostar* por2) ( reverse)he backed the car out of the garage — sacó el coche del garaje dando marcha atrás or (Col, Méx) en reversa
3) ( lie behind)4) ( Mus) acompañar
2.
vi \<\<vehicle/driver\>\> dar* marcha atrás, echar or meter reversa (Col, Méx)he backed into a lamppost — se dio contra una farola al dar marcha atrás or al meter reversa
Phrasal Verbs:- back off- back out- back up[bæk] When back is an element in a phrasal verb, eg come back, go back, put back, look up the verb.1. NOUN1) (=part of body)a) [of person] espalda f; [of animal] lomo m•
I've got a bad back — tengo la espalda mal, tengo un problema de espalda•
to shoot sb in the back — disparar a algn por la espalda•
he was lying on his back — estaba tumbado boca arribato carry sth/sb on one's back — llevar algo/a algn a la espalda
•
to have one's back to sth/sb — estar de espaldas a algo/algnb)- break the back of sth- get off sb's back- get sb's back up- live off the back of sb- be on sb's backshares rose on the back of two major new deals — las acciones subieron a consecuencia de dos nuevos e importantes tratos
- put one's back into sth- put one's back into doing sth- put sb's back upto see the back of sb —
- have one's back to the wallflat I, 1., 1), stab 1., 1)2) (=reverse side) [of cheque, envelope] dorso m, revés m; [of hand] dorso m; [of head] parte f de atrás, parte f posterior more frm; [of dress] espalda f; [of medal] reverso mto know sth like the back of one's hand —
3) (=rear) [of room, hall] fondo m; [of chair] respaldo m; [of car] parte f trasera, parte f de atrás; [of book] (=back cover) tapa f posterior; (=spine) lomo mthere was damage to the back of the car — la parte trasera or de atrás del coche resultó dañada
•
at the back (of) — [+ building] en la parte de atrás (de); [+ cupboard, hall, stage] en el fondo (de)be quiet at the back! — ¡los de atrás guarden silencio!
they sat at the back of the bus — se sentaron en la parte de atrás del autobús, se sentaron al fondo del autobús
this idea had been at the back of his mind for several days — esta idea le había estado varios días rondándole la cabeza
•
the ship broke its back — el barco se partió por la mitad•
in back of the house — (US) detrás de la casa•
the toilet's out the back — el baño está fuera en la parte de atrásbeyond 2., mind 1., 1)•
they keep the car round the back — dejan el coche detrás de la casa4) (Sport) (=defender) defensa mf•
the team is weak at the back — la defensa del equipo es débil2. ADVERB1) (in space) atrásstand back! — ¡atrás!
keep (well) back! — (=out of danger) ¡quédate ahí atrás!
keep back! — (=don't come near me) ¡no te acerques!
meanwhile, back in London/back at the airport — mientras, en Londres/en el aeropuerto
he little suspected how worried they were back at home — qué poco sospechaba lo preocupados que estaban en casa
to go back and forth — [person] ir de acá para allá
•
back from the road — apartado de la carretera2) (in time)it all started back in 1980 — todo empezó ya en 1980, todo empezó allá en 1980 liter
3) (=returned)•
to be back — volverwhen/what time will you be back? — ¿cuándo/a qué hora vuelves?, ¿cuándo/a qué hora estarás de vuelta?
he's not back yet — aún no ha vuelto, aún no está de vuelta
black is back (in fashion) — vuelve (a estar de moda) el negro, se vuelve a llevar el negro
•
he went to Paris and back — fue a París y volvió•
she's now back at work — ya ha vuelto al trabajo•
I'll be back by 6 — estaré de vuelta para las 6•
I'd like it back — quiero que me lo devuelvan•
full satisfaction or your money back — si no está totalmente satisfecho, le devolvemos el dinero•
everything is back to normal — todo ha vuelto a la normalidadhit back•
I want it back — quiero que me lo devuelvan3. TRANSITIVE VERB1) (=reverse) [+ vehicle] dar marcha atrás a2) (=support)a) (=back up) [+ plan, person] apoyarb) (=finance) [+ person, enterprise] financiarc) (Mus) [+ singer] acompañar3) (=bet on) [+ horse] apostar porto back the wrong horse — (lit) apostar por el caballo perdedor
Russia backed the wrong horse in him — (fig) Rusia se ha equivocado al apoyar a él
to back a winner — (lit) apostar por el ganador
he is confident that he's backing a winner — (fig) (person) está seguro de que está dando su apoyo a un ganador; (idea, project) está seguro de que va a funcionar bien
4) (=attach backing to) [+ rug, quilt] forrar4. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) [person]a) (in car) dar marcha atrásb) (=step backwards) echarse hacia atrás, retrocederhe backed into a table — se echó hacia atrás y se dio con una mesa, retrocedió y se dio con una mesa
2) (=change direction) [wind] cambiar de dirección (en sentido contrario a las agujas del reloj)5. ADJECTIVE1) (=rear) [leg, pocket, wheel] de atrás, trasero2) (=previous, overdue) [rent, tax, issue] atrasado6.COMPOUNDSback alley N — callejuela f (que recorre la parte de atrás de una hilera de casas)
back boiler N — caldera f pequeña (detrás de una chimenea)
back burner N — quemador m de detrás
- put sth on the back burnerback catalogue N — (Mus) catálogo m de grabaciones discográficas
back copy N — (Press) número m atrasado
back-countrythe back country N — (US) zona f rural (con muy baja densidad de población)
back cover N — contraportada f
- do sth by or through the back doorback formation N — (Ling) derivación f regresiva
back garden N — (Brit) jardín m trasero
back lot N — (Cine) exteriores mpl (del estudio); [of house, hotel, company premises] solar m trasero
back marker N — (Brit) (Sport) competidor(a) m / f rezagado(-a)
back matter N — [of book] apéndices mpl
back number N — [of magazine, newspaper] número m atrasado
back page N — contraportada f
back passage N — (Brit) euph recto m
back rub N — (=massage) masaje m en la espalda
•
to give sb a back rub — masajearle la espalda a algn, darle un masaje a algn en la espalda- take a back seatback somersault N — salto m mortal hacia atrás
back stop N — (Sport) red que se coloca alrededor de una cancha para impedir que se escapen las pelotas
back tooth N — muela f
back view N —
the back view of the hotel is very impressive — el hotel visto desde atrás es impresionante, la parte de atrás del hotel es impresionante
back vowel N — (Ling) vocal f posterior
- back off- back out- back up* * *[bæk]
I
behind somebody's back: they laugh at him behind his back se ríen de él a sus espaldas; to be on somebody's back (colloq) estarle* encima a alguien; get off my back! déjame en paz (fam); to break the back of something hacer* la parte más difícil/la mayor parte de algo; to get o put somebody's back up (colloq) irritar a alguien; to put one's back into something poner* empeño en algo; to turn one's back on somebody — volverle* la espalda a alguien; scratch II d)
2) ca) ( of chair) respaldo m; (of dress, jacket) espalda f; (of electrical appliance, watch) tapa fb) (reverse side - of envelope, photo) dorso m, revés m; (- of head) parte f posterior or de atrás; (- of hand) dorso mc)back to front: your sweater is on back to front — te has puesto el suéter al revés; hand I 2)
3) c u ( rear part)I'll sit in the back — ( of car) yo me siento detrás or (en el asiento de) atrás
(in) back of the sofa — (AmE) detrás del sofá
he's out back in the yard — (AmE) está en el patio, al fondo
in the back of beyond — donde el diablo perdió el poncho (AmL fam), en el quinto pino (Esp fam)
4) c ( Sport) defensa mf, zaguero, -ra m,f
II
adjective (before n, no comp)1) ( at rear) trasero, de atrás2) ( of an earlier date)back number o issue — número m atrasado
III
1) (indicating return, repetition)meanwhile, back at the house... — mientras tanto, en la casa...
to run/fly back — volver* corriendo/en avión
they had us back the following week — nos devolvieron la invitación la semana siguiente; see also go, take back
2) (in reply, reprisal)3)a) ( backward)b) ( toward the rear) atráswe can't hear you back here — aquí atrás no te oímos; see also hold, keep back
4) (in, into the past)5)back and forth — = backward(s) and forward(s): see backward II d)
IV
1.
1)a) \<\<person/decision\>\> respaldar, apoyarb) ( bet money on) \<\<horse/winner\>\> apostar* por2) ( reverse)he backed the car out of the garage — sacó el coche del garaje dando marcha atrás or (Col, Méx) en reversa
3) ( lie behind)4) ( Mus) acompañar
2.
vi \<\<vehicle/driver\>\> dar* marcha atrás, echar or meter reversa (Col, Méx)he backed into a lamppost — se dio contra una farola al dar marcha atrás or al meter reversa
Phrasal Verbs:- back off- back out- back up -
34 laser
лазер || лазерный- laser with dynamic liquid crystal mirrors
- acidic umbelliferone laser
- acoustooptically-tuned laser
- acquisition laser
- active infrared detection laser
- actively mode-locked laser
- actively Q-switched laser
- alignment laser
- alkali-halide laser
- alpha-particle laser
- amorphous laser
- amplitude stabilized laser
- anisotropic laser
- anorganic vapor laser
- antisubmarine laser
- Ar laser
- arc-driven laser
- arc-excited laser
- argon laser
- atmospheric pressure laser
- atomic laser
- atomic-beam laser
- Au vapor laser
- avalanche injection laser
- axially excited laser
- beam-expanded laser
- BH injection laser
- bidirectional laser
- bistable laser
- black-body laser
- black-body pumped laser
- blue laser
- Bragg laser
- Brewster-angled laser
- bromine vapor laser
- Br vapor laser
- bulk ionized laser
- buried-heterostructure injection laser
- butt-coupled laser
- C-laser
- Ca laser
- cadmium selenide laser
- cadmium sulfide laser
- cadmium vapor laser
- calcium vapor laser
- carbazine laser
- carbon dioxide laser
- carbon monoxide laser
- carbon vapor laser
- carbopyronine laser
- cascade laser
- cataphoresis pumping laser
- cavity laser
- Cd laser
- ceramic laser
- chain-reaction laser
- chelate laser
- chemical laser
- chemically excited laser
- chemically pumped laser
- chemical transfer laser
- chirped laser
- chlorine laser
- circular ring laser
- circulated-liquid laser
- Cl laser
- close-confinement laser
- closed-cycle laser
- CO laser
- CO2 laser
- coaxial laser
- coaxial-flow laser
- color-center laser
- combustion laser
- combustion powered laser
- composite-rod laser
- Compton laser
- condensed-phase laser
- confined-phase laser
- confocal laser
- CO2+N2+He laser
- continuously operated ruby laser
- continuously pumped laser
- continuously running laser
- continuous-wave laser
- convectively-cooled laser
- copper iodide laser
- copper vapor laser
- corner-cube laser
- coumarin laser
- coupled-cavity laser
- cross-beam laser
- cross-discharge laser
- cross-field laser
- cross-pumped laser
- cryogenic laser
- crystalline laser
- Cu laser
- CW laser
- dc-excited laser
- deflection laser
- deuterium fluoride laser
- DFB laser
- dielectric gas laser
- dielectric solid-state laser
- diffraction-limited laser
- diffraction-stabilized laser
- diffused laser
- diffusion-cooled laser
- dimer laser
- diode laser
- diode-pumped laser
- direct-gap injection laser
- directly modulated laser
- disk laser
- distributed laser
- distributed-feedback laser
- double-beam laser
- double-discharge laser
- double-frequency laser
- double-heterojunction laser
- double-heterostructure laser
- double-injection laser
- double-mode laser
- double-pulse laser
- double-quantum laser
- doubly mode-locked laser
- dual laser
- dye laser
- dye-doped polymethylmethacrylate laser
- E-beam-controlled laser
- E-beam-pumped laser
- electrically excited laser
- electric-discharge laser
- electroionization laser
- electron-beam laser
- electron-beam-excited laser
- electron-beam-initiated laser
- electron-beam plasma laser
- electron-beam-pumped laser
- electron-beam-stabilized laser
- electron-beam-triggering laser
- electron-collisionally excited ionic laser
- electronic transition laser
- electronic-vibrational transition laser
- electrooptically tuned laser
- ELION laser
- end-pumped laser
- epitaxial laser
- epitaxial-grown laser
- equilateral triangular laser
- erasing laser
- erbium-glass laser
- evanescent-field-pumped laser
- evanescent-wave-pumped laser
- excimer laser
- excited-state dimer laser
- exciting laser
- exciton laser
- explosion laser
- explosively pumped laser
- externally excited laser
- external-mirror laser
- extrinsically tuned laser
- face-pumped laser
- far-infrared laser
- far-ultraviolet laser
- fast-flowing laser
- feedback laser
- fiber laser
- fiber-tailed laser
- fixed-frequency laser
- flame laser
- flashlamp-pumped laser
- flowing gas laser
- flowing molecular laser
- four-level laser
- free-electron laser
- free-running laser
- frequency-controlled laser
- frequency-doubled laser
- frequency-modulated laser
- frequency-multiplied laser
- frequency-tuned laser
- fundamental-mode laser
- Ga-As laser
- gain-guided laser
- gain-switched laser - gamma-ray laser
- gas laser
- gas-discharge laser - gold vapor laser
- grating-controlled laser
- grating-coupled laser
- green laser
- green argon laser
- HCI vibrational-rotational laser
- heat-pumped laser
- heavy doped laser
- helium-iodine laser
- helium-krypton laser
- helium-xenon laser
- He-Ne laser
- heterojunction laser
- heterostructure laser
- heterostructure injection laser
- Hg laser
- high-current ion laser
- high-energy laser
- high-gain laser
- high-intensity laser
- highly coherent laser
- high-power laser
- high-pressure laser
- high-repetition-rate laser
- hollow-cathode laser
- holmium glass laser
- homogeneously broadened laser
- homogeneously pumped laser
- homojunction laser
- homostructure laser
- hybrid laser
- hydrogen laser
- hydrogen halide laser
- I-laser
- illuminating laser
- incoherently pumped laser
- index-guided laser
- indirect-gap injection laser - inhomogeneously pumped laser
- initiated laser
- initiating laser
- injection laser
- injection-locking laser
- injection-plasma laser
- inorganic-liquid laser
- integral compact glass laser
- internal-mirror laser
- intracavity modulated laser
- iodine laser
- ion laser
- ionization-assisted gas laser
- ionized laser
- IR laser
- Javan's laser
- junction laser
- Kerr-cell switched laser
- Kr laser
- krypton laser
- Lamb-dip stabilized laser
- large-aperture laser
- large-optical-cavity laser
- laser-pumped laser
- layered laser
- lead selenide laser
- lead sulfide laser
- lead telluride laser
- lead tin telluride laser
- lead vapor laser
- light-emitting-diode pumped laser
- light-pumped laser
- liquid laser
- liquid-dye laser
- LOC laser
- longitudinal-flow laser
- longitudinal-pumped laser
- long-wavelength laser
- low-power laser
- low-pressure laser
- low-threshold laser
- magnetically confined ion gas laser
- magnetohydrodynamic laser
- magnetooptical laser
- manganese vapor laser
- many-element laser
- mass-transport buried heterostructure laser
- master laser
- mercury vapor laser
- mesa laser
- metal vapor laser
- MHD laser
- microwave-pumped laser
- millimeter laser
- millimeter-wave laser
- mirror-angle tuned laser
- mirrorless laser
- Mn vapor laser
- mode-controlled laser
- mode-coupled laser
- mode-limited laser
- mode-locked laser
- mode-selected laser
- molecular laser
- molecular nitrogen discharge laser
- MTBH laser
- multicolor laser
- multifrequency laser
- multiline laser
- multilongitudinal-mode laser
- multimodal laser
- multimode laser
- multiphoton laser
- multiple-dye laser
- multiple-pulse laser
- multiple quantum-well laser
- multiple-wavelength laser
- multiprism laser
- mutually pumped injection laser
- Nd-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser
- Nd-glass laser
- Nd-YAG laser
- Ne laser
- near-IR laser
- neodymium-doped phosphorous chloride laser
- neodymium glass laser
- neodymium liquid laser
- neodymium-selenium oxychloride laser
- neodymium-ytterbium glass laser
- neodymium-yttrium-erbium glass laser
- neon laser
- neutral gas laser
- nitrogen laser
- nitrogen-carbon dioxide laser
- noble-gas laser
- noncavity laser
- nonmode-selected laser
- nonspiking laser
- nuclear laser
- nuclear-charged self-sustaining laser
- nuclear-pumped laser
- nuclear γ-laser
- O-laser
- optical-avalanche laser
- optical fiber laser
- optically pumped laser
- organic laser
- organic-dye laser
- overtone laser
- oxazine laser
- oxygen laser
- P-laser
- parallel-plate laser
- passively mode-locked laser
- passively Q-switched laser
- Pb ion laser
- phase-conjugate -laser
- phase-locked laser
- phosphorous vapor laser
- photochemical laser
- photodissociation laser
- photoexcitation laser
- photoinitiated laser
- photoionization laser
- photoionized laser
- photorecombination laser
- pigtailed laser
- pinched-plasma laser
- pink-ruby laser
- planar stripe laser
- plane-resonator laser
- plasma laser
- p-n laser
- p-n junction laser
- polycrystalline laser
- positive-column-discharge laser
- potassium bromide laser
- p-p-n-n laser
- preionization laser
- preionized laser
- premixed chemical laser
- pressure-tuned laser
- prism dye laser
- prism-tuned laser
- PS laser
- pulsed laser
- pulsed electrical laser
- pulsed ruby laser
- pulsed water-vapor laser
- pulse-initiated chemical laser
- pumped laser
- pumping laser
- pyrotechnically pumped laser
- Q-spoiled laser
- Q-switched laser
- Q-switching laser
- quantum-well laser
- quartz laser
- quasi-continuous laser
- radial-discharge laser
- Raman laser
- rare-earth chelate laser
- rare-gas electrical-discharge laser
- reading laser
- recombination laser
- red laser
- regularly pulsing laser
- repetitively pumped laser
- resonanit laser
- RF excited laser
- rhodamine laser
- rhodamine 6G-laser
- Ridley-Watkins-Hillsum-mechanism laser
- ring laser
- roof-top ruby laser
- rotation laser
- ruby laser
- RWH-mechanism laser
- S-laser
- scan laser
- SCH laser
- sealed-off laser
- selenium vapor laser
- self-contained laser
- self-focusing laser
- self-locked laser
- self-mode-locking laser
- self-Q-switching laser
- self-starting laser
- self-sustained laser
- self-terminating laser
- self-tuned laser
- semiconductor laser
- separate-confinement heterostructure laser
- shock-tube laser
- shock-wave pumped laser
- short-pulsed laser
- Si laser
- silicon vapor laser
- single-frequency laser
- single-heterojunction laser
- single-heterostructure laser
- single-longitudinal-mode laser
- single-mode laser
- single-mode pumped laser
- single-shot pumped laser
- single-wavelength laser
- slave laser
- SLM laser
- slotted cathode laser
- slow-flowing laser
- software laser
- solar-pumped laser
- solid laser
- solid-dye laser
- solid rare-earth ion laser
- solid-state laser
- spikeless laser
- spiking laser
- spin-flip laser
- Sr laser
- storage laser
- storage-ring laser
- streamer laser
- stripe laser
- stripe-geometry laser
- strontium vapor laser
- submillimeter laser
- subsonic-flow laser
- sulfur-hexafluoride laser
- sulfur-vapor laser
- sun-pumped laser
- superlattice laser
- superluminescent laser
- superpower laser
- superradiant laser
- superradiative laser
- supersonic laser
- synchronously-pumped laser
- TEA laser
- telescopic-resonator laser
- temperature-controlled laser
- thallium vapor laser
- thermally controlled laser
- thermally excited laser
- thermally pumped laser
- thick-cavity junction laser
- thin-film laser
- thin-film diode laser
- three-level laser
- tin vapor laser
- tracking laser
- transfer chemical laser
- transverse electrically initiated laser
- transverse-excitation atmospheric laser
- transverse-excitation atmospheric pressure laser
- transverse-flow laser
- transverse-flow mixing laser
- traveling-wave laser
- triode laser
- tunable laser
- tunable diode laser
- tunnel laser
- tunnel-injection laser
- two-frequency laser
- two-isotope active medium laser
- two-photon pumped laser
- ultraviolet laser
- uncontrolled laser
- unidirectional laser
- unimodal laser
- unstable-resonator laser
- UV laser
- vacuum-ultraviolet laser
- variable pulse-length laser
- variable-wavelength laser
- vernier interferometric laser
- vibrational-rotation laser
- vibrational-transition laser
- visible laser
- VUV laser
- waveguide laser
- waveguide-pumping laser
- writing laser
- Xe laser
- xenon ion laser
- X-ray laser
- ytterbium glass laser
- Zeeman laser
- zero-order-mode laser
- zinc oxide laser
- zinc-oxide nanowire laser
- zinc sulfide laser
- zinc vapor laser
- Zn laser -
35 noise
шум; шумы- additive noise
- additive white Gaussian noise
- AM noise
- ambient noise
- amplitude noise
- angle noise
- angle-modulation noise
- antenna noise
- artificial noise
- atmospheric noise
- atmospheric modulation noise
- audible noise
- audio-frequency noise
- auroral noise
- avalanche noise
- avalanche-multiplication noise
- background noise
- band-limited white noise
- Barkhausen noise
- base noise
- basic noise
- beam noise
- beat noise
- bias noise
- broad-band noise
- brown noise
- bulk erased noise
- bulk-trapping noise
- burst noise
- carrier residual modulation noise
- cavitation noise
- circuit noise
- clipped noise
- C-message weighted noise
- coast noise
- collector noise
- common-mode noise
- contact noise
- continuous noise
- cosmic antenna noise
- current noise
- dark-current noise
- delta noise
- diffusion noise
- diode noise
- direct-current noise
- disk surface noise
- distribution noise
- edge noise
- electrical noise
- electromagnetic noise
- equivalent input noise
- equivalent output noise
- excess noise
- external noise
- extraneous noise
- extraterrestrial noise
- film-grain noise
- flat noise
- flicker noise
- flow noise
- fluctuation noise
- flutter noise
- front-end noise
- frying noise
- full shot noise
- galactic noise
- gas noise
- gated noise
- Gaussian noise
- generation-recombination noise
- glint noise
- grain noise
- granular noise
- grid noise
- ground noise
- high-frequency noise
- hissing noise
- hum noise
- hydrodynamic noise
- idle channel noise
- idling noise
- ignition noise
- impact noise
- impulse noise
- impulsive noise
- in-band noise
- induced noise
- induced grid noise
- inherent noise
- input noise
- instrument noise
- instrumentation noise
- interception noise
- intermodulation noise
- internal noise
- intrinsic noise
- intrusive noise
- jitter noise
- Johnson noise
- junction noise
- lightning storm noise
- line noise
- low-frequency noise
- man-made noise
- Markovian noise
- microphonic noise
- microplasma noise
- microwave noise
- modal noise
- modulation noise
- multiplicative noise
- narrow-band noise
- natural noise
- needle noise
- out-of-band noise
- output noise
- overload noise
- partition noise
- pattern-noise
- phase noise
- phonon noise
- photocurrent noise
- photon noise
- physical noise
- pink noise
- plasma noise
- pop noise
- popcorn noise
- precipitation noise
- primer noise
- pseudo-random noise
- pump noise
- pumping noise
- quantization noise
- quantizing noise
- quantum noise
- quasi-impulsive noise
- quiescent noise
- radio noise
- random noise
- recording noise
- reference noise
- resistance noise
- rubbing noise
- saturation noise
- Schottky noise
- seismic noise
- self-noise
- servo noise
- set noise
- shot noise
- sky noise
- slope overload noise
- solar noise
- solar radio noise
- spatial noise
- spatially correlated noise
- speckle noise
- speech-off noise
- speech-on noise
- spin-system noise
- spontaneous emission noise
- statistical noise
- structure-borne noise
- subaudio noise
- surface noise
- system noise
- target noise
- telegraph noise
- telephone noise
- terrestrial noise
- thermal noise
- transistor noise
- transmitter noise
- true random noise
- tube noise
- ungated noise
- vacuum-tube noise
- velocity fluctuation noise
- video noise
- virgin noise
- visible noise
- white noise
- wow noise
- zero noise
- 1/f noise -
36 system
['sɪstəm]2) inform. sistema m.3) (electrical, mechanical) impianto m.5) (network) rete f.road, river system — rete stradale, fluviale
6) anat. med.7) (whole body) organismo m.to get sth. out of one's system — eliminare, buttare fuori qcs. (anche fig.)
* * *['sistəm]1) (an arrangement of many parts that work together: a railway system; the solar system; the digestive system.) sistema2) (a person's body: Take a walk every day - it's good for the system!) organismo3) (a way of organizing something according to certain ideas, principles etc: a system of government/education.) sistema4) (a plan or method: What is your system for washing the dishes?) sistema, metodo5) (the quality of being efficient and methodical: Your work lacks system.) metodo•- systematically* * *['sɪstəm]2) inform. sistema m.3) (electrical, mechanical) impianto m.5) (network) rete f.road, river system — rete stradale, fluviale
6) anat. med.7) (whole body) organismo m.to get sth. out of one's system — eliminare, buttare fuori qcs. (anche fig.)
-
37 laser
лазер || лазерный- acoustooptically-tuned laser
- acquisition laser
- active infrared detection laser
- actively mode-locked laser
- actively Q-switched laser
- alignment laser
- alkali-halide laser
- alpha-particle laser
- amorphous laser
- amplitude stabilized laser
- anisotropic laser
- anorganic vapor laser
- antisubmarine laser
- Ar laser
- arc-driven laser
- arc-excited laser
- argon laser
- atmospheric pressure laser
- atomic laser
- atomic-beam laser
- Au vapor laser
- avalanche injection laser
- axially excited laser
- beam-expanded laser
- BH injection laser
- bidirectional laser
- bistable laser
- black-body laser
- black-body pumped laser
- blue laser
- Br vapor laser
- Bragg laser
- Brewster-angled laser
- bromine vapor laser
- bulk ionized laser
- buried-heterostructure injection laser
- butt-coupled laser
- C laser
- Ca laser
- cadmium selenide laser
- cadmium sulfide laser
- cadmium vapor laser
- calcium vapor laser
- carbazine laser
- carbon dioxide laser
- carbon monoxide laser
- carbon vapor laser
- carbopyronine laser
- cascade laser
- cataphoresis pumping laser
- cavity laser
- Cd laser
- ceramic laser
- chain-reaction laser
- chelate laser
- chemical laser
- chemical transfer laser
- chemically excited laser
- chemically pumped laser
- chirped laser
- chlorine laser
- circular ring laser
- circulated-liquid laser
- Cl laser
- close-confinement laser
- closed-cycle laser
- CO laser
- CO2 + N2 + He laser
- CO2 laser
- coaxial laser
- coaxial-flow laser
- color-center laser
- combustion laser
- combustion powered laser
- composite-rod laser
- Compton laser
- condensed-phase laser
- confined-phase laser
- confocal laser
- continuously operated ruby laser
- continuously pumped laser
- continuously running laser
- continuous-wave laser
- convectively-cooled laser
- copper iodide laser
- copper vapor laser
- corner-cube laser
- coumarin laser
- coupled-cavity laser
- cross-beam laser
- cross-discharge laser
- cross-field laser
- cross-pumped laser
- cryogenic laser
- crystalline laser
- Cu laser
- CW laser
- dc-excited laser
- deflection laser
- deuterium fluoride laser
- DFB laser
- dielectric gas laser
- dielectric solid-state laser
- diffraction-limited laser
- diffraction-stabilized laser
- diffused laser
- diffusion-cooled laser
- dimer laser
- diode laser
- diode-pumped laser
- direct-gap injection laser
- directly modulated laser
- disk laser
- distributed laser
- distributed-feedback laser
- double-beam laser
- double-discharge laser
- double-frequency laser
- double-heterojunction laser
- double-heterostructure laser
- double-injection laser
- double-mode laser
- double-pulse laser
- double-quantum laser
- doubly mode-locked laser
- dual laser
- dye laser
- dye-doped polymethylmethacrylate laser
- E-beam-controlled laser
- E-beam-pumped laser
- electrically excited laser
- electric-discharge laser
- electroionization laser
- electron-beam laser
- electron-beam plasma laser
- electron-beam-excited laser
- electron-beam-initiated laser
- electron-beam-pumped laser
- electron-beam-stabilized laser
- electron-beam-triggering laser
- electron-collisionally excited ionic laser
- electronic transition laser
- electronic-vibrational transition laser
- electrooptically tuned laser
- ELION laser
- end-pumped laser
- epitaxial laser
- epitaxial-grown laser
- equilateral triangular laser
- erasing laser
- erbium-glass laser
- evanescent-field-pumped laser
- evanescent-wave-pumped laser
- excimer laser
- excited-state dimer laser
- exciting laser
- exciton laser
- explosion laser
- explosively pumped laser
- externally excited laser
- external-mirror laser
- extrinsically tuned laser
- face-pumped laser
- far-infrared laser
- far-ultraviolet laser
- fast-flowing laser
- feedback laser
- fiber laser
- fiber-tailed laser
- fixed-frequency laser
- flame laser
- flashlamp-pumped laser
- flowing gas laser
- flowing molecular laser
- four-level laser
- free-electron laser
- free-running laser
- frequency-controlled laser
- frequency-doubled laser
- frequency-modulated laser
- frequency-multiplied laser
- frequency-tuned laser
- fundamental-mode laser
- Ga-As laser
- gain-guided laser
- gain-switched laser
- gallium arsenide laser
- gallium nitride laser
- gamma-ray laser
- gas laser
- gas-discharge laser
- gas-dynamic laser
- giant-pulse laser
- giant-pulse ruby laser
- glass laser
- gold vapor laser
- grating-controlled laser
- grating-coupled laser
- green argon laser
- green laser
- HCI vibrational-rotational laser
- heat-pumped laser
- heavy doped laser
- helium-iodine laser
- helium-krypton laser
- helium-xenon laser
- He-Ne laser
- heterojunction laser
- heterostructure injection laser
- heterostructure laser
- Hg laser
- high-current ion laser
- high-energy laser
- high-gain laser
- high-intensity laser
- highly coherent laser
- high-power laser
- high-pressure laser
- high-repetition-rate laser
- hollow-cathode laser
- holmium glass laser
- homogeneously broadened laser
- homogeneously pumped laser
- homojunction laser
- homostructure laser
- hybrid laser
- hydrogen halide laser
- hydrogen laser
- I laser
- illuminating laser
- incoherently pumped laser
- index-guided laser
- indirect-gap injection laser
- infrared laser
- inhomogeneously broadened laser
- inhomogeneously pumped laser
- initiated laser
- initiating laser
- injection laser
- injection-locking laser
- injection-plasma laser
- inorganic-liquid laser
- integral compact glass laser
- internal-mirror laser
- intracavity modulated laser
- iodine laser
- ion laser
- ionization-assisted gas laser
- ionized laser
- IR laser
- Javan's laser
- junction laser
- Kerr-cell switched laser
- Kr laser
- krypton laser
- Lamb-dip stabilized laser
- large-aperture laser
- large-optical-cavity laser
- laser on supersonic jet
- laser with dynamic liquid crystal mirrors
- laser-pumped laser
- layered laser
- lead selenide laser
- lead sulfide laser
- lead telluride laser
- lead tin telluride laser
- lead vapor laser
- light-emitting-diode pumped laser
- light-pumped laser
- liquid laser
- liquid-dye laser
- LOC laser
- longitudinal-flow laser
- longitudinal-pumped laser
- long-wavelength laser
- low-power laser
- low-pressure laser
- low-threshold laser
- magnetically confined ion gas laser
- magnetohydrodynamic laser
- magnetooptical laser
- manganese vapor laser
- many-element laser
- mass-transport buried heterostructure laser
- master laser
- mercury vapor laser
- mesa laser
- metal vapor laser
- MHD laser
- microwave-pumped laser
- millimeter laser
- millimeter-wave laser
- mirror-angle tuned laser
- mirrorless laser
- Mn vapor laser
- mode-controlled laser
- mode-coupled laser
- mode-limited laser
- mode-locked laser
- mode-selected laser
- molecular laser
- molecular nitrogen discharge laser
- MTBH laser
- multicolor laser
- multifrequency laser
- multiline laser
- multilongitudinal-mode laser
- multimodal laser
- multimode laser
- multiphoton laser
- multiple quantum-well laser
- multiple-dye laser
- multiple-pulse laser
- multiple-wavelength laser
- multiprism laser
- mutually pumped injection laser
- Nd-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser
- Nd-glass laser
- Nd-YAG laser
- Ne laser
- near-IR laser
- neodymium glass laser
- neodymium liquid laser
- neodymium-doped phosphorous chloride laser
- neodymium-selenium oxychloride laser
- neodymium-ytterbium glass laser
- neodymium-yttrium-erbium glass laser
- neon laser
- neutral gas laser
- nitrogen laser
- nitrogen-carbon dioxide laser
- noble-gas laser
- noncavity laser
- nonmode-selected laser
- nonspiking laser
- nuclear γ laser
- nuclear laser
- nuclear-charged self-sustaining laser
- nuclear-pumped laser
- O laser
- optical fiber laser
- optical-avalanche laser
- optically pumped laser
- organic laser
- organic-dye laser
- overtone laser
- oxazine laser
- oxygen laser
- P laser
- parallel-plate laser
- passively mode-locked laser
- passively Q-switched laser
- Pb ion laser
- phase-conjugate-laser
- phase-locked-laser
- phosphorous vapor laser
- photochemical laser
- photodissociation laser
- photoexcitation laser
- photoinitiated laser
- photoionization laser
- photoionized laser
- photorecombination laser
- pigtailed laser
- pinched-plasma laser
- pink-ruby laser
- planar stripe laser
- plane-resonator laser
- plasma laser
- p-n junction laser
- p-n laser
- polycrystalline laser
- positive-column-discharge laser
- potassium bromide laser
- p-p-n-n laser
- preionization laser
- preionized laser
- premixed chemical laser
- pressure-tuned laser
- prism dye laser
- prism-tuned laser
- PS laser
- pulsed electrical laser
- pulsed laser
- pulsed ruby laser
- pulsed water-vapor laser
- pulse-initiated chemical laser
- pumped laser
- pumping laser
- pyrotechnically pumped laser
- Q-spoiled laser
- Q-switched laser
- Q-switching laser
- quantum-well laser
- quartz laser
- quasi-continuous laser
- radial-discharge laser
- Raman laser
- rare-earth chelate laser
- rare-gas electrical-discharge laser
- reading laser
- recombination laser
- red laser
- regularly pulsing laser
- repetitively pumped laser
- resonanit laser
- RF excited laser
- rhodamine 6G laser
- rhodamine laser
- Ridley-Watkins-Hillsum-mechanism laser
- ring laser
- roof-top ruby laser
- rotation laser
- ruby laser
- RWH-mechanism laser
- S laser
- scan laser
- SCH laser
- sealed-off laser
- selenium vapor laser
- self-contained laser
- self-focusing laser
- self-locked laser
- self-mode-locking laser
- self-Q-switching laser
- self-starting laser
- self-sustained laser
- self-terminating laser
- self-tuned laser
- semiconductor laser
- separate-confinement heterostructure laser
- shock-tube laser
- shock-wave pumped laser
- short-pulsed laser
- Si laser
- silicon vapor laser
- single-frequency laser
- single-heterojunction laser
- single-heterostructure laser
- single-longitudinal-mode laser
- single-mode laser
- single-mode pumped laser
- single-shot pumped laser
- single-wavelength laser
- slave laser
- SLM laser
- slotted cathode laser
- slow-flowing laser
- software laser
- solar-pumped laser
- solid laser
- solid rare-earth ion laser
- solid-dye laser
- solid-state laser
- spikeless laser
- spiking laser
- spin-flip laser
- Sr laser
- storage laser
- storage-ring laser
- streamer laser
- stripe laser
- stripe-geometry laser
- strontium vapor laser
- submillimeter laser
- subsonic-flow laser
- sulfur-hexafluoride laser
- sulfur-vapor laser
- sun-pumped laser
- superlattice laser
- superluminescent laser
- superpower laser
- superradiant laser
- superradiative laser
- supersonic laser
- synchronously-pumped laser
- TEA laser
- telescopic-resonator laser
- temperature-controlled laser
- thallium vapor laser
- thermally controlled laser
- thermally excited laser
- thermally pumped laser
- thick-cavity junction laser
- thin-film diode laser
- thin-film laser
- three-level laser
- tin vapor laser
- tracking laser
- transfer chemical laser
- transverse electrically initiated laser
- transverse-excitation atmospheric laser
- transverse-excitation atmospheric pressure laser
- transverse-flow laser
- transverse-flow mixing laser
- traveling-wave laser
- triode laser
- tunable diode laser
- tunable laser
- tunnel laser
- tunnel-injection laser
- two-frequency laser
- two-isotope active medium laser
- two-photon pumped laser
- ultraviolet laser
- uncontrolled laser
- unidirectional laser
- unimodal laser
- unstable-resonator laser
- UV laser
- vacuum-ultraviolet laser
- variable pulse-length laser
- variable-wavelength laser
- vernier interferometric laser
- vibrational-rotation laser
- vibrational-transition laser
- visible laser
- VUV laser
- waveguide laser
- waveguide-pumping laser
- writing laser
- Xe laser
- xenon ion laser
- X-ray laser
- ytterbium glass laser
- Zeeman laser
- zero-order-mode laser
- zinc oxide laser
- zinc sulfide laser
- zinc vapor laser
- zinc-oxide nanowire laser
- Zn laserThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > laser
-
38 noise
шум; шумы- added noise
- additive noise
- additive white Gaussian noise
- AM noise
- ambient noise
- amplitude noise
- angle noise
- angle-modulation noise
- antenna noise
- artificial noise
- atmospheric modulation noise
- atmospheric noise
- audible noise
- audio-frequency noise
- auroral noise
- avalanche noise
- avalanche-multiplication noise
- background noise
- band-limited white noise
- Barkhausen noise
- base noise
- basic noise
- beam noise
- beat noise
- bias noise
- broad-band noise
- brown noise
- bulk erased noise
- bulk-trapping noise
- burst noise
- carrier residual modulation noise
- cavitation noise
- circuit noise
- clipped noise
- C-message weighted noise
- coast noise
- collector noise
- common-mode noise
- contact noise
- continuous noise
- cosmic antenna noise
- current noise
- dark-current noise
- delta noise
- diffusion noise
- diode noise
- direct-current noise
- disk surface noise
- distribution noise
- edge noise
- electrical noise
- electromagnetic noise
- equivalent input noise
- equivalent output noise
- excess noise
- external noise
- extraneous noise
- extraterrestrial noise
- film-grain noise
- flat noise
- flicker noise
- flow noise
- fluctuation noise
- flutter noise
- front-end noise
- frying noise
- full shot noise
- galactic noise
- gas noise
- gated noise
- Gaussian noise
- generation-recombination noise
- glint noise
- grain noise
- granular noise
- grid noise
- ground noise
- high-frequency noise
- hissing noise
- hum noise
- hydrodynamic noise
- idle channel noise
- idling noise
- ignition noise
- impact noise
- impulse noise
- impulsive noise
- in-band noise
- induced grid noise
- induced noise
- inherent noise
- input noise
- instrument noise
- instrumentation noise
- interception noise
- intermodulation noise
- internal noise
- intrinsic noise
- intrusive noise
- jitter noise
- Johnson noise
- junction noise
- lightning storm noise
- line noise
- low-frequency noise
- man-made noise
- Markovian noise
- microphonic noise
- microplasma noise
- microwave noise
- modal noise
- modulation noise
- multiplicative noise
- narrow-band noise
- natural noise
- needle noise
- out-of-band noise
- output noise
- overload noise
- partition noise
- pattern-noise
- phase noise
- phonon noise
- photocurrent noise
- photon noise
- physical noise
- pink noise
- plasma noise
- pop noise
- popcorn noise
- precipitation noise
- primer noise
- pseudo-random noise
- pump noise
- pumping noise
- quantization noise
- quantizing noise
- quantum noise
- quasi-impulsive noise
- quiescent noise
- radio noise
- random noise
- recording noise
- reference noise
- resistance noise
- rubbing noise
- saturation noise
- Schottky noise
- seismic noise
- self-noise
- servo noise
- set noise
- shot noise
- sky noise
- slope overload noise
- solar noise
- solar radio noise
- spatial noise
- spatially correlated noise
- speckle noise
- speech-off noise
- speech-on noise
- spin-system noise
- spontaneous emission noise
- statistical noise
- structure-borne noise
- subaudio noise
- surface noise
- system noise
- target noise
- telegraph noise
- telephone noise
- terrestrial noise
- thermal noise
- transistor noise
- transmitter noise
- true random noise
- tube noise
- ungated noise
- vacuum-tube noise
- velocity fluctuation noise
- video noise
- virgin noise
- visible noise
- white noise
- wow noise
- zero noiseThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > noise
-
39 power
1. noun1) (ability) Kraft, diedo all in one's power to help somebody — alles in seiner Macht od. seinen Kräften Stehende tun, um jemandem zu helfen
3) (vigour, intensity) (of sun's rays) Kraft, die; (of sermon, performance) Eindringlichkeit, die; (solidity, physical strength) Kraft, die; (of a blow) Wucht, dieshe was in his power — sie war in seiner Gewalt
5) (personal ascendancy)[exercise/get] power — Einfluss [ausüben/gewinnen] ( over auf + Akk.)
6) (political or social ascendancy) Macht, diehold power — an der Macht sein
come into power — an die Macht kommen
balance of power — Kräftegleichgewicht, das
hold the balance of power — das Zünglein an der Waage sein
7) (authorization) Vollmacht, diebe the power behind the throne — (Polit.) die graue Eminenz sein
the powers that be — die maßgeblichen Stellen; die da oben (ugs.)
9) (State) Macht, die11) (Math.) Potenz, die12) (mechanical, electrical) Kraft, die; (electric current) Strom, der; (of loudspeaker, engine, etc.) Leistung, die13) (deity) Macht, die2. transitive verb[Treibstoff, Dampf, Strom, Gas:] antreiben; [Batterie:] mit Energie versehen od. versorgen* * *1) ((an) ability: A witch has magic power; A cat has the power of seeing in the dark; He no longer has the power to walk.) die Kraft2) (strength, force or energy: muscle power; water-power; ( also adjective) a power tool (=a tool operated by electricity etc. not by hand).) die Kraft; mit Elektrizität betrieben3) (authority or control: political groups fighting for power; How much power does the Queen have?; I have him in my power at last) die Macht4) (a right belonging to eg a person in authority: The police have the power of arrest.) die Befugnis5) (a person with great authority or influence: He is quite a power in the town.) einflußreiche Persönlichkeit6) (a strong and influential country: the Western powers.) die Macht7) (the result obtained by multiplying a number by itself a given number of times: 2 × 2 × 2 or 23 is the third power of 2, or 2 to the power of 3.) die Potenz•- academic.ru/117970/powered">powered- powerful
- powerfully
- powerfulness
- powerless
- powerlessness
- power cut
- failure
- power-driven
- power point
- power station
- be in power* * *pow·er[ˈpaʊəʳ, AM -ɚ]I. ngay/black \power movement Schwulenbewegung f/schwarze Bürgerrechtsbewegungto be in sb's \power völlig unter jds Einfluss stehento have sb in one's \power jdn in seiner Gewalt habento have \power over sb/sth (control) Macht über jdn/etw haben; (influence) Einfluss auf jdn/etw habenhe has a mysterious \power over her sie ist ihm auf eine rätselhafte Art verfallenabsolute \power absolute Machtto come to \power an die Macht kommenexecutive/legislative \power die exekutive/legislative Gewaltto fall from \power die Macht abgeben müssento be in/out of \power an der Macht/nicht an der Macht seinto restore sb to \power jdn wieder an die Macht bringento be returned to \power wieder [o erneut] an die Macht kommento seize \power die Macht ergreifen [o übernehmenindustrial/military \power Industriemacht/Militärmacht fnuclear \power Atommacht fthe West's leading \powers die westlichen Führungsmächteworld \power Weltmacht fshe is becoming an increasingly important \power in the company sie wird innerhalb des Unternehmens zunehmend wichtigerMother Teresa was a \power for good Mutter Teresa hat viel Gutes bewirktthe \powers of darkness die Mächte pl der Finsternisit is [with]in my \power to order your arrest ich bin dazu berechtigt, Sie unter Arrest zu stellento have the \power of veto das Vetorecht haben6. (authority)▪ \powers pl Kompetenz[en] f[pl]to act beyond one's \powers seine Kompetenzen überschreitento give sb full \powers to do sth jdn bevollmächtigen, etw zu tunit is beyond my \power to... es steht nicht in meiner Macht,...the doctors will soon have it within their \power to... die Ärzte werden bald in der Lage sein,...\power of absorption Absorptionsvermögen ntto do everything in one's \power alles in seiner Macht Stehende tunto have the [or have it in one's] \power to do sth die Fähigkeit haben, etw zu tun, etw tun könnenthey have the \power to destroy us sie haben die Macht, uns zu zerstören8. (skills)\powers of concentration Konzentrationsfähigkeit f\powers of endurance Durchhaltevermögen ntto be at the height [or peak] of one's \powers auf dem Höhepunkt seiner Leistungsfähigkeit seinintellectual/mental \powers intellektuelle/geistige Fähigkeiten\powers of observation Beobachtungsfähigkeit f\powers of persuasion Überzeugungskraft f9. no pl (strength) Kraft f, Stärke f; (of sea, wind, explosion) Gewalt f; (of nation, political party) Stärke f, Macht feconomic \power Wirtschaftsmacht fexplosive \power Sprengkraft f a. figmilitary \power militärische Stärkea poet of immense \power eine Dichterin von unglaublicher Ausdruckskraftto cut off the \power den Strom abstellento disconnect the \power den Strom abschaltenhydroelectric \power Wasserkraft fnuclear \power Atomenergie fsolar \power Solarenergie f, Sonnenenergie fsource of \power Energiequelle f, Energielieferant mfull \power ahead! volle Kraft voraus!what's the magnification \power of your binoculars? wie stark ist Ihr Fernglas?\power of ten Zehnerpotenz ftwo to the \power [of] four [or to the fourth \power] zwei hoch vierthree raised to the \power of six drei in die sechste Potenz erhoben15.▶ the \powers that be die Mächtigen▶ \power behind the throne graue Eminenz\power failure [or loss] Stromausfall m\power industry Energiewirtschaft f\power output elektrische Leistung, Stromleistung f\power switch [Strom]schalter m\power politics Machtpolitik f\power struggle Machtkampf m\power vacuum Machtvakuum ntIII. vi1. (speed)IV. vt▪ to \power sth etw antreibendiesel-\powered trucks Lkws mit Dieselantrieb* * *['paʊə(r)]1. n1) no pl (= physical strength) Kraft f; (= force of blow, explosion etc) Stärke f, Gewalt f, Wucht f; (fig of argument etc) Überzeugungskraft fthe power of love/logic/tradition — die Macht der Liebe/Logik/Tradition
mental/hypnotic powers — geistige/hypnotische Kräfte pl
3) (= capacity, ability to help etc) Macht fhe did all in his power to help them —
it's beyond my power or not within my power to... — es steht nicht in meiner Macht, zu...
4) (no pl = sphere or strength of influence, authority) Macht f; (JUR, parental) Gewalt f; (usu pl = thing one has authority to do) Befugnis fhe has the power to act — er ist handlungsberechtigt
the power of the police/of the law — die Macht der Polizei/des Gesetzes
to be in sb's power — in jds Gewalt (dat) sein
the party now in power — die Partei, die im Augenblick an der Macht ist
he has been given full power(s) to make all decisions —
"student/worker power" — "Macht den Studenten/Arbeitern"
to be the power behind the scenes/throne — die graue Eminenz sein
the powers that be (inf) — die da oben (inf)
the powers of darkness/evil — die Mächte der Finsternis/des Bösen
6) (= nation) Macht fpower on/off (technical device) —
the ship made port under her own power — das Schiff lief mit eigener Kraft in den Hafen ein
8) (of engine, machine, loudspeakers, transmitter) Leistung f; (of microscope, lens, sun's rays, drug, chemical) Stärke fthe power of suggestion —
to the power (of) 2 — hoch 2, in der 2. Potenz
10) (inf= a lot of)
a power of help — eine wertvolle or große Hilfe2. vt(engine) antreiben; (fuel) betreibenpowered by electricity/by jet engines — mit Elektro-/Düsenantrieb
3. vi(runner, racing car) rasenhe powered away from the rest of the field — er raste dem übrigen Feld davon
the swimmer powered through the water —
* * *power [ˈpaʊə(r)]A s1. Kraft f, Stärke f, Macht f, Vermögen n:more power to your elbow! bes Br umg viel Erfolg!;do all in one’s power alles tun, was in seiner Macht steht;it is beyond my power es übersteigt meine Kraft3. Wucht f, Gewalt f, Kraft f4. meist pla) (hypnotische etc) Kräfte plb) (geistige) Fähigkeiten pl:power to concentrate, power(s) of concentration Konzentrationsvermögen n, -fähigkeit f; → observation A 3, persuasion 2 Talent nover über akk):the power of money die Macht des Geldes;be in power an der Macht oder umg am Ruder sein;be in sb’s power in jemandes Gewalt sein;come into power an die Macht oder umg ans Ruder kommen, zur Macht gelangen;have sb in one’s power jemanden in seiner Gewalt haben;6. JUR (Handlungs-, Vertretungs)Vollmacht f, Befugnis f:8. POL (Macht)Befugnis f, (Amts)Gewalt fthe powers that be die maßgeblichen (Regierungs)Stellen;power behind the throne graue Eminenz11. höhere Macht:13. umg Menge f:it did him a power of good es hat ihm unwahrscheinlich gutgetan14. MATH Potenz f:power series Potenzreihe f;raise to the third power in die dritte Potenz erheben15. ELEK, PHYS Kraft f, Leistung f, Energie f:16. ELEK (Stark)Strom m17. RADIO, TV Sendestärke f18. TECHa) mechanische Kraft, Antriebskraft fa) mit laufendem Motor,b) (mit) Vollgas;power off mit abgestelltem Motor, im Leerlauf;under one’s own power mit eigener Kraft, fig a. unter eigener Regie19. OPT Vergrößerungskraft f, (Brenn)Stärke f (einer Linse)B v/t TECH mit (mechanischer etc) Kraft betreiben, antreiben, (mit Motor) ausrüsten: → rocket-poweredC v/i TECH mit Motorkraft fahrenp. abk1. page S.2. part T.4. past5. Br penny, pence6. per7. post, after8. powerP abk1. parkingpr abk1. pair2. paper3. power* * *1. noun1) (ability) Kraft, diedo all in one's power to help somebody — alles in seiner Macht od. seinen Kräften Stehende tun, um jemandem zu helfen
3) (vigour, intensity) (of sun's rays) Kraft, die; (of sermon, performance) Eindringlichkeit, die; (solidity, physical strength) Kraft, die; (of a blow) Wucht, die[exercise/get] power — Einfluss [ausüben/gewinnen] ( over auf + Akk.)
6) (political or social ascendancy) Macht, diebalance of power — Kräftegleichgewicht, das
7) (authorization) Vollmacht, diebe the power behind the throne — (Polit.) die graue Eminenz sein
the powers that be — die maßgeblichen Stellen; die da oben (ugs.)
9) (State) Macht, die11) (Math.) Potenz, die12) (mechanical, electrical) Kraft, die; (electric current) Strom, der; (of loudspeaker, engine, etc.) Leistung, die13) (deity) Macht, die2. transitive verb[Treibstoff, Dampf, Strom, Gas:] antreiben; [Batterie:] mit Energie versehen od. versorgen* * *(of) n.Potenz (n-te von x)(Mathematik) f. n.Einfluss -¨e m.Energie -n f.Herrschaft f.Kraft ¨-e f.Leistung -en f.Potenz -en f.Strom ¨-e m.Vermögen - n. -
40 cell
1) элемент2) ячейка, сота3) интервал•- assigned cell
- ATM cell
- back-wall photogalvanic cell
- bias cell
- bit cell
- button-rechargeable cell
- cadmium cell
- cadmium-sulfide cell
- central cell
- color cell
- common cell
- conductivity cell
- Crawford cell
- crown cell
- dry cell
- electrical cell
- emergency cell
- fuel cell
- galvanic cell
- hexagonal cell
- high-pressure fuel cell
- idle cell
- incoming cell
- invalid cell
- lead-sulfide cell
- light-sensitive cell
- lithium cell
- local cell
- optoelectronic cell
- outgoing cell
- photoconductive cell
- photoelectric cell
- photoemissive cell
- photomultiplier cell
- photoresistive cell
- photovoltaic cell
- photronic cell
- physical layer cell
- piezoelectric cell
- Pockels cell
- reserved cell
- resolution cell
- resolving cell
- satellite cell
- selenium cell
- shadowed solar cell
- small cell
- solar cell
- storage cell
- thermal cell
- token cell
- transmit-receive cell
- unassigned cell
- valid cell
- voltaic cell
- Westen cadmium cellEnglish-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > cell
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